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. 2014 Feb 12;306(7):F781–F789. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00679.2013

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Acetic acid (AA) irritation decreases bladder capacity and pudendal nerve stimulation (PNS) increases bladder capacity. A: cystometrograms (CMGs) during saline or 0.25% AA infusion with/without PNS. T: stimulation intensity threshold to induce anal sphincter twitch. Black bars under pressure trace indicate the duration of PNS (5 Hz, 0.2 ms, T =1 V). Infusion rate = 1 ml/min. B: summarized results from 8 cats. The bladder capacity is normalized to the measurement during saline infusion. *Significantly different (one-way ANOVA). Infusion rate = 1–2 ml/min.