Fig. 5.

Limits of the accuracy of the parameter estimates as a function of the angular offset of the starting point ψ₀ of an object with a circular trajectory. (a) Practical limit of R. Panel (b) of x_c. Panel (c) of y_c. Panel (d) of ω and (e) of ψ₀. (○) corresponds to a radius of the circular trajectory of 350 nm while (*) corresponds to a radius of 50 nm. The line style (– · –) corresponds to the noise-free case while (—) refers to that of the fundamental limit. For the object in all plots σ = 83 nm, magnification M = 100, and the coordinates of x_c and y_c are (0, 0). The photon detection rate ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_0^{(1)}=1000\text{photons}/\text{s}$, period T_p = 0.2 s, pixel size is 4.03 μm × 4.03 μm and the array size is 31 × 31 pixels.