. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Pain Manag. 2014 Jan;4(1):27–35. doi: 10.2217/pmt.13.62

Table 3.

Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with self-management of pain among people who inject drugs in Vancouver (Canada) reporting moderate-to-extreme pain (n = 483).

Variable	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI	p-value
Refused pain medication^†
Yes vs no	7.83	1.64–37.3	0.010
Homelessness^†
Yes vs no	3.70	1.00–13.7	0.050
Gender
Male vs female	0.17	0.02–1.39	0.098

^†

Ever.