Table 3.

Effects of adenoviral infections in COPD patients

– Increase of CD-8 T-helper cells in the inflammatory infiltrate of the lung

– Induction of connective tissue growth factor and transforming growth factor β1 in human bronchial epithelial cells

– Induction of the mesenchymal markers vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin in human bronchial epithelial cells

– Increased susceptibility of intracellular adhesion molecule 1, interleukin-8, and greater nuclear factor-κB binding activity in infected cells in reaction to inflammatory stimuli

– Enhancement of the soluble intracellular adhesion molecule 1