TABLE 3.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Mortality
| Baseline Characteristics | Total N = 2306 | Died n = 104, n (%) | Unadjusted Mortality: HR (95% CI) | Adjusted Mortality: HR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | ||||
| Swaziland | 637 | 23 (3.6%) | Reference | |
| Malawi | 880 | 42 (4.8%) | 1.25 (0.75–2.08) | |
| Lesotho | 789 | 39 (4.9%) | 1.29 (0.77–2.17) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1191 | 54 (4.5%) | Reference | |
| Female | 1109 | 50 (4.5%) | 1.02 (0.69–1.49) | |
| Missing | 6 | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Age at ART initiation | ||||
| <6 mo | 119 | 20(16.8%) | 8.78 (4.94–15.59) | 8.11 (4.51–14.58) |
| 6 to <12 mo | 299 | 22 (7.4%) | 3.73 (2.13–6.53) | 3.43 (1.96–6.02) |
| 12 to <36 mo | 699 | 34 (4.9%) | 2.22 (1.34–3.66) | 1.92 (1.16–3.19) |
| ≥36 mo | 1189 | 28 (2.4%) | Reference | Reference |
| PMTCT | ||||
| No PMTCT | 1422 | 50 (3.5%) | Reference | |
| PMTCT | 329 | 25 (7.6%) | 2.44 (1.51–3.96) | |
| Missing | 555 | 29 (5.2%) | ||
| WHO stage at ART initiation | ||||
| I | 323 | 10 (3.1%) | Reference | Reference |
| II | 369 | 5 (1.4%) | 0.40 (0.14–1.16) | 0.64 (0.22–1.90) |
| III | 1157 | 40 (3.5%) | 0.98 (0.49–1.95) | 1.43 (0.70–2.90) |
| IV | 449 | 48(10.7%) | 3.41 (1.72–6.75) | 4.35 (2.19–8.67) |
| Missing | 8 | 1 (12.5%) | ||
| Immunosuppression at ART initiation | ||||
| None | 175 | 5 (2.9%) | Reference | |
| Mild | 214 | 7 (3.3%) | 1.11 (0.35–3.49) | |
| Advanced | 407 | 9 (2.2%) | 0.79 (0.27–2.37) | |
| Severe | 1470 | 73 (5.0%) | 1.74 (0.70–4.31) | |
| Missing | 40 | 10 (25.0%) | ||
| Nutritional status at ART initiation | ||||
| Normal | 1425 | 41 (2.9%) | Reference | |
| Mild malnutrition | 314 | 11 (3.5%) | 1.20 (0.62–2.34) | |
| Moderate malnutrition | 289 | 16 (5.5%) | 2.04 (1.15–3.64) | |
| Severe malnutrition | 154 | 25(16.2%) | 7.14 (4.34–11.77) | |
| Missing data | 124 | 11 (8.9%) |
a
Adjusted for age at ART initiation and WHO stage at entry. Immune status and nutritional status were excluded from the model because they were collinear with WHO stage.