Table I. Association of HPV Viral Load with Prevalent ≥Cin2.
| HPV risk group | Qualitative viral load1 | Single HPV infections | Single and multiple HPV infections2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| N (cases/controls)3 | OR (95% CI) | N (cases/controls) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| All infections | Low (1–3) | 6/646 | ref. | 8/893 | ref. |
| High (4–5) | 57/587 | 10.4 (4.5–24.4) | 114/977 | 13.0 (6.3–26.8) | |
| Carcinogenic4 | Low (1–3) | 4/269 | ref. | 6/451 | ref. |
| High (4–5) | 55/272 | 13.6 (4.9–38.0) | 108/558 | 14.5 (6.3–33.4) | |
| HPV16+ | Low (1–3) | 2/64 | ref. | 4/110 | ref. |
| High (4–5) | 36/60 | 19.2 (4.4–83.2) | 58/130 | 12.3 (4.3–34.8) | |
| Carcinogenic, HPV16- | Low (1–3) | 2/205 | ref. | 3/353 | ref. |
| High (4–5) | 19/212 | 9.2 (2.1–39.9) | 49/416 | 13.9 (4.3–44.8) | |
| Noncarcinogenic | Low (1–3) | 2/377 | ref. | 2/442 | ref. |
| High (4–5) | 2/315 | 1.2 (0.2–8.5) | 6/419 | 3.2 (0.6–15.8) | |
HPV, human papillomavirus; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
1
Viral load for HPV groups and species reflects type-specific HPV PCR probes. Parentheses indicate range of PCR signal strength indices.
2
For multiple infections, we utilized the maximum signal intensity value of any carcinogenic HPV type, if such a type was present and the maximum signal intensity value among the noncarcinogenic types for women with noncarcinogenic types only.
3
Cases were women with prevalent CIN2 or worse at enrollment. Controls were women with prevalent CIN1 or better at enrollment.
4
For women with multiple HPV types, women had to have had at least one carcinogenic HPV type to be categorized as ‘Carcinogenic.’