Table 3.

Analysis of prognostic factors for survival in HCC patients (n = 64).

Variable	Category	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis including serum endocan			Multivariate analysis including serum AFP			Multivariate analysis including serum DCP			Multivariate analysis including serum endocan, AFP, and DCP
		Relative hazard	95% CI	P-value*	Relative hazard	95% CI	P-value*	Relative hazard	95% CI	P-value	Relative hazard	95% CI	P-value*	Relative hazard	95% CI	P-value*
Age (years)	< 70	1			1			1			1			1
	≥ 70	1.21	0.84-1.79	0.308	1.43	0.94-2.25	0.097	1.60	1.04-2.54	0.034	1.24	0.79-2.00	0.355	1.39	0.89-2.22	0.154
Gender	Female	1			1			1			1			1
	Male	0.96	0.67-1.42	0.839	0.97	0.61-1.54	0.888	0.97	0.61-1.54	0.886	0.84	0.51-1.37	0.480	0.91	0.57-1.47	0.705
Etiology of liver disease	Non-viral	1			1			1			1			1
	Viral	0.79	0.54-1.24	0.293	0.84	0.51-1.40	0.495	0.64	0.40-1.05	0.078	0.67	0.42-1.11	0.117	0.80	0.48-1.36	0.396
Child-Pugh grade	A	1			1			1			1			1
	B/C	1.34	0.94-1.91	0.105	1.59	0.99-2.61	0.056	1.92	1.18-3.15	0.009	1.66	1.04-2.72	0.032	1.66	1.05-2.67	0.032
Tumor stage	I/II	1			1			1			1			1
	III/IV	1.61	1.12-2.29	0.012	2.72	1.60-4.76	0.0002	1.48	0.85-2.60	0.168	1.89	1.17-3.08	0.009	1.94	1.03-3.78	0.040
Treatment option	Curative	1			1			1			1			1
	Non-curative	2.08	1.45-3.07	0.0001	1.75	1.19-2.63	0.004	1.81	1.24-2.71	0.002	2.14	1.42-3.34	0.0002	1.66	1.10-2.60	0.014
Serum endocan (ng/mL)	< 2.20	1			1									1
	≥ 2.20	1.95	1.16-3.98	0.009	2.36	1.22-5.36	0.008							2.46	1.24-5.78	0.008
VEGF/platelet	< 2.18	1
(pg/106)	≥ 2.18	1.02	0.99-1.04	0.127
Serum AFP (ng/mL)	< 100	1						1						1
	≥ 100	1.76	1.22-2.50	0.003				1.76	1.00-3.11	0.049				1.60	0.86-2.96	0.142
Serum DCP (mAU/mL)	< 26	1									1			1
	≥ 26	1.73	1.08-3.18	0.021							1.90	1.07-3.79	0.027	1.64	0.94-3.22	0.081

HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; AFP, α-fetoprotein; DCP, des-γ-carboxy prothrombin; CI, confidence interval.

* Cox proportional hazard model.