Table 5.

Distribution of patients’ ZIP code income levels across low-volume and high-volume hospitals according to race groups, stratified according to each procedure

	Low volume|high volume (%)
	Caucasian	African American	Hispanic	Others
Colectomy
<$25 000	19|11	42|40	38|24	19|11
$25 000–$34 999	35|20	29|23	25|21	24|18
$35 000–$44 999	26|25	15|18	19|28	27|22
≥$45 000	18|42	11|17	15|24	26|47
Cystectomy
<$25 000	12|16	36|42	23|30	15|11
$25 000–$34 999	27|27	20|18	27|16	16|20
$35 000–$44 999	26|25	23|18	26|27	28|26
≥$45 000	33|30	18|19	18|17	36|41
Oesophagectomy
<$25 000	14|13	45|87	33|18	14|16
$25 000–$34 999	28|25	17|13	18|25	20|9
$35 000–$44 999	25|26	16|0	34|42	37|23
≥$45 000	32|33	22|0	15|12	29|36
Hysterectomy
<$25 000	12|8	29|35	35|32	9|9
$25 000–$34 999	31|19	29|21	23|19	22|18
$35 000–$44 999	27|27	23|18	22|22	20|20
≥$45 000	28|45	15|25	18|26	44|52
Gastrectomy
<$25 000	14|15	34|39	31|27	21|17
$25 000–$34 999	31|19	37|22	26|23	15|15
$35 000–$44 999	28|21	15|18	22|20	26|17
≥$45 000	25|44	11|19	19|29	36|49
Lung resection
<$25 000	14|14	34|41	29|21	15|12
$25 000–$34 999	27|21	28|22	23|14	21|15
$35 000–$44 999	27|23	20|19	21|21	24|24
≥$45 000	30|39	14|16	23|38	35|46
Pancreatectomy
<$25 000	12|16	38|49	31|30	8|11
$25 000–$34 999	25|25	23|23	26|20	23|20
$35 000–$44 999	27|23	24|17	19|21	24|20
≥$45 000	34|33	14|8	20|27	39|33
Prostatectomy
<$25 000	12|9	28|29	23|14	14|6
$25 000–$34 999	26|18	25|21	26|19	22|14
$35 000–$44 999	27|22	21|21	25|23	25|20
≥$45 000	32|49	22|27	21|29	34|54