Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 331 participants
| Baseline characteristics | Ibuprofen (n=160) |
Curcuma domestica extracts (n=171) |
P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age ± SD (years) | 60.9±6.9 | 60.3±6.8 | 0.452 |
| Sex:female | 139 (86.9%) | 157 (91.8%) | 0.144 |
| Mean BMI ± SD (kg/m2) | 26.6±4.0 | 26.5±3.7 | 0.918 |
| Mean duration of pain ± SD (months) | 52.0±51.7 | 51.3±53.4 | 0.898 |
| Knee pain | |||
| Unilateral | 92 (57.5%) | 93 (54.4%) | 0.569 |
| Bilateral | 68 (42.5%) | 78 (45.6%) | |
| Using walking aids | 11 (6.9%) | 12 (7.0%) | 0.959 |
| Using knee support (one to seven times/week) | 64 (40.0%) | 60 (35.1%) | 0.356 |
| Routinely taking pain medicine (three to seven times/week) | 48 (30.0%) | 42 (24.6%) | 0.266 |
| Exercising knee (one to seven times/week) | 122 (76.3%) | 127 (74.3%) | 0.677 |
| WOMAC total ± SD | 5.2±1.7 | 5.3±1.8 | 0.611 |
| WOMAC pain ± SD | 5.4±1.7 | 5.3±1.8 | 0.899 |
| WOMAC stiffness ± SD | 5.2±2.6 | 5.1±2.6 | 0.847 |
| WOMAC functions ± SD | 5.1±1.8 | 5.3±2.0 | 0.440 |
| 6-minute walk distance ± SD (meters) | 304.5±83.8 | 310.9±84.8 | 0.489 |
| X-ray gradingb | |||
| Grade I | 21 (13.2%) | 21 (12.3%) | 0.543 |
| Grade II | 57 (35.8%) | 74 (43.3%) | |
| Grade III | 54 (34.0%) | 48 (28.1%) | |
| Grade IV | 27 (17.0%) | 28 (16.3%) | |
Notes:
a
Unpaired t-test or chi-square test;
b
Kellgren–Lawrence grading: 0= normal radiograph; I= doubtful pathology; II= minimal osteophytes, possible narrowing, cysts, and sclerosis; III= moderate, as in definite osteophytes with moderate joint space narrowing; IV= severe, with large osteophytes and definite joint space narrowing.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.