Table 3.
Lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus
| Study | N | Intervention | Treatment | Risk reduction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Da Qing61,62 | ||||
| IGT | 577 | Diet and exercise | 6 years 20 years |
34%–69% |
| Finnish DPS19,55 | ||||
| IGT | 522 | Diet and exercise | 3 years 7 years |
58% |
| DPP66,77 | ||||
| IGT | 3,234 | Diet, exercise, and metformin | 2.8 years 10 years |
31%–58% |
| IDPP63 | ||||
| IGT | 531 | Diet, exercise, and metformin | 3 years | 26.4%–28.4% |
| DREAM139 | ||||
| IGT | 5,269 | Rosiglitazone | 3 years | 60% |
| STOP-NIDDM130,132 | ||||
| IGT | 1,429 | Acarbose | 3.3 years | 21% |
| ACT NOW137,138 | ||||
| IFG | ∼600 | Pioglitazone | 3.75 years | 72% |
Abbreviations: ACT NOW, Actos Now for the Prevention of Diabetes; DPP, Diabetes Prevention Program; DPS, Diabetes Prevention Study; DREAM, Diabetes Reduction Assessment with Ramipril and Rosiglitazone Medication trial; IDPP, Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; STOP-NIDDM, Study to Prevent Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes.