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. 2014 Mar 13;63(4):1366–1380. doi: 10.2337/db13-1412

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Expression of exogenous Rap1b in kidney tissues and its effect on blood glucose, UAE, and urinary excretion of γ-GT and β-NAG in the STZ-induced rats. A: Using IHC, Rap1b expression was assessed in control rats (Aa), STZ rats (Ab), STZ + Rap1b V12G rats (Ac), and the STZ + empty vector only group (Ad) (magnification ×400). Using real-time PCR (B) and immunoprecipitation/Western blot analyses (C), a decreased mRNA expression and Rap1b GTP activity was seen in kidneys of STZ rats, which was reversed by injection of Rap1b G12V. D: The bar graphs represent the expression of the Rap1b GTP relative to β-actin. E: Blood glucose concentration in each group. F: Rats' UAE levels. G and H: Urinary excretion of γ-GT and urine β-NAG levels. Values are means ± SE. *P < 0.01 versus control, #P < 0.01 versus STZ. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.