Table 3.

Meta-analyses of longitudinal volumetric differences between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Negative values of Hedge’s g indicate reduced volume at follow-up vs baseline.

Brain region	N	Group	Hedge’s g			Z score	p	Between groups effect		FSN	ERT	Trim and Fill
			Mean	CI95%				Q	p			Mean	CI95%
WBV	12	CTRL	−0.069	−0.208	0.070	−0.969	0.333	0.009	0.923	0	0.662	−0.069	−0.208	0.070
		SCZ	−0.060	−0.183	0.063	−0.956	0.339					−0.060	−0.183	0.063
GMV	9	CTRL	−0.143	−0.293	0.008	−1.555	0.094	5.974	0.044	21	0.742	−0.143	−0.293	0.008
		SCZ	−0.249	−0.399	−0.093	−3.154	0.002*					−0.249	−0.399	−0.093
WMV	8	CTRL	0.148	−0.032	0.328	1.608	0.108	1.259	0.262	0	0.341	0.148	−0.032	0.328
		SCZ	0.001	−0.184	0.184	0.002	0.998					0.001	−0.184	0.184
CSF	3	CTRL	0.199	−0.256	0.654	0.858	0.391	1.759	0.185	0	0.351	0.199	−0.256	0.654
		SCZ	0.007	−0.339	0.352	0.037	0.970					0.007	−0.339	0.352
LV	12	CTRL	0.129	−0.025	0.283	1.637	0.102	9.566	0.029	34	0.178	0.129	−0.025	0.283
		SCZ	0.207	0.075	0.339	3.067	0.002*					0.207	0.075	0.339
Cd	13	CTRL	−0.149	−0.357	0.059	−1.405	0.160	0.996	0.318	0	0.409	−0.149	−0.357	0.059
		SCZ	−0.010	−0.183	0.164	−0.109	0.913					−0.010	−0.183	0.164

WBV, whole brain volume; GMV, grey matter volume; WMV, white matter volume; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; LV, lateral ventricules; Cd, Caudate nucleus; N = number of studies included in each meta-analysis; SCZ, number of patients with schizophrenia; C, number of controls;

^*Surviving correction for multiple comparisons (p = 0.008);

FSN, Fail Safe Number; ERT, Egger’s Regression Test.