Two examples of modulations in neural responses coincident with fluctuations in perceptual state during binocular rivalry. (a) Neural spiking activity in a single cortical neuron recorded from an alert, behaving monkey trained to report fluctuations in perceptual dominance, which are denoted by the light and dark (red and green, respectively, online) horizontal lines below the spike train time series. Adapted from [7]. (b) Modulations in fMRI responses, timelocked to transitions in perceptual state during rivalry produced by dichoptic presentation of the image of a house and of a face. These modulations were measured in two ventral stream areas within the human brain, the fusiform face area (FFA) and the parahippocampal place area (PPA). Adapted from [47]. (Online version in colour.)