Table 7. Number of studies that investigated STH species and WASH access and practices.
| STH Species | Water | Sanitation | Hygiene | ||||||||||
| Water Access | Water Typesa | Treat Water | Sanit. Access | Latrine Typesa | Sharing Latrines | Latrine Maint. | Washing Hands | Soap | Washing Vegetables | Shoe Use | Geophagy | Hygiene Education | |
| Any STH | 30b | 5 | 9b | 34b | 8 | 3 | 2 | 17b | 7b | 2 | 13b | 4 | 4 |
| A. lumbricoides | 33b | 3 | 15 | 45b | 13 | 5 | 2 | 20b | 9 | 2 | 14 | 8 | 4 |
| Hookworm | 28 | 2 | 11 | 44b | 11 | 3 | 2 | 16 | 5 | 1 | 20b | 8 | 2 |
| T. trichiura | 31b | 3 | 12 | 41b | 12 | 3 | 2 | 18 | 7 | 2 | 12 | 7 | 3 |
| S. stercoralis | 8 | 1 | 5 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
Cells with high numbers but no meta-analysis (no footnote) indicate that effect measures were not reported (selective reporting), reported measures were not statistically adjusted, or that the WASH access and practice was too diverse to be effectively grouped in a meta-analysis (e.g., handwashing can be measured before eating or after defecating).
a
Water Types and Latrine Types refer to studies that measured multiple sanitation comparisons, not just “latrine versus no latrine.” For example, a study could examine water collected from rivers, wells, or piped connections.
b
Gray cells indicate that a meta-analysis was conducted for that WASH variable and STH outcome.