Table 4.
Types of fracture and methods of management in chronological order of publication
| Year of paper | Paper | Fracture type | Management of Type II, III and IV fractures | Non-operative (number) | Operative (number) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | IV | Type II | Type III ± IV | Open | Arthroscopic | |||
| 1970 | 19 | 12 | 25 | 10 | a | 24 non-operative 1 converted to type III and operative | 8 operative | 38 | 9 | 0 |
| 1984 | 25 | 5 | 16 | 20 | a | All non-operative (includes 7 closed reductions) | 8 non-operative (includes 2 closed reductions) 12 operative (5 open reductions only) | 29 | 12 | 0 |
| 1984 | 37 | <3 | 12 | a | Type I and II managed together non- operatively | All operative | 3 | 12 | 0 | |
| 1986 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 7 | 4 | Not specified | 26 | 5 | 1 | |
| 1987 | 40 | Not specified | Not specified; radiological study | 3 | 11 | 0 | ||||
| 1988 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 11 | a | 4 non-operative 1 operative | 8 non-operative 3 operative | 15 | 4 | 0 |
| 1990 | 34 and 11 | 8 | 14 | 23 | a | 13 non-operative 1 operative | 7 non-operative 17 operative | 27 | 18 | 0 |
| 1992 | 33 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2 non-operative 2 operative 1 converted to type III and operative | Operative only | 7 | 5 | 0 |
| 1993 | 24 | 3 | 17 | 30 | a | 15 non-operative 2 operative | 14 non-operative 16 operative | 32 | 18 | 0 |
| 1995 | 38 | 0 | 8 | a | Operative cases only | 0 | 0 | 8 | ||
| 1995 | 14 | 8 | 28 | 25 | a | All non-operative | 12 non-operative 13 operative | 48 | 13 | 0 |
| 1995 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 10 | a | Only type III included (operative and non-operative) | 7 | 0 | 3 | |
| 1998 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 9 | a | Only operative type III included | 0 | 0 | 9 | |
| 1999 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 7 | a | Only operative type III included | 0 | 7 | 0 | |
| 2001 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | Only operative type III included | 0 | 0 | 4 | |
| 2002 | 23 | 0 | 6 | 2 | a | Only operative type II and III included | 0 | 0 | 8 | |
| 2002 | 10 | 0 | 16 | 10 | a | Only operative type II and III included | 0 | 0 | 26 | |
| 2002 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 6 | a | Only irreducible type III included | 0 | 0 | 6 | |
| 2003 | 29 | 0 | 23 | 57 | a | Only operative type II and III included | 0 | 9 | 71 | |
| 2003 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 12 | a | Only operative type III included | 0 | 12 | 0 | |
| 2003 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | a | Only operative type III included | 0 | 0 | 6 | |
| 2004 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 4 | a | Only operative type II and III included | 0 | 0 | 8 | |
| 2004 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 5 | a | Only operative type III included | 0 | 5 | 0 | |
| 2008 | 21 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | Only operative type II included | 0 | 17 | 0 | |
| 2008 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 14 | a | Only operative type III included | 0 | Not specified | ||
| 2009 | 35 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 1 | Only operative types II, III, IV included | 0 | 0 | 6 | |
| 2009 | 5 | 14 | 13 | 16 | a | All non-operative | 43 | 0 | 0 | |
| 2009 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 7 | a | Only operative type II and III included | 0 | 0 | 10 | |
| 2010 | 27 | 8 | 17 | 5 | 2 | 11 non-operative 6 operative | III and IV all operative | 14 | 18 | 0 |
| 2010 | 20 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 1 | Only operative type II and III | 0 | 0 | 11 | |
| 2010 | 30 | 4 | 3 | 7 | a | 2 non-operative 1 operative | 1 non-operative 6 operative | 7 | 1 | 6 |
| 2010 | 4 | 0 | 25 | 7 | a | Only operative type II and III | 0 | 4 | 28 | |
| 2011 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Only operative type II, III, IV included | 0 | 0 | 4 | |
| 2011 | 26 | 0 | 11 | a | Only operative type II and III included | 0 | 0 | 11 | ||
| 2012 | 31 | 5 | 12 | 20 | 3 | 7 non-operative 5 operative | 2 non-operative 18 operative (Type III) Type IV all operative | 9 | 2 | 24 |
aDid not differentiate type IV from type III