Table 1. EDAH study – mother’s demographic and infant’s birth characteristics, by study site.
| NEFS (n = 149) | CHDS (n = 243) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mother’s race | |||
| White | 138 (93) | 148 (61) | <0.001 |
| Black | 11 (7) | 55 (23) | |
| Other | – | 40 (17) | |
| Mother’s height (cm) | |||
| Mean (s.d.) | 160.0 (7.6) | 162.8 (6.7) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 141 (95) | 178 (73) | |
| Other/unknown | 8 (5) | 65(27) | <0.001 |
| Mother’s age at delivery (years) | |||
| ≤19 | 19 (13) | 14 (6) | 0.007 |
| 20–24 | 67 (45) | 86 (35) | |
| 25–29 | 33 (22) | 73 (30) | |
| 30–34 | 23 (15) | 45 (19) | |
| 35 + | 7 (5) | 25 (10) | |
| Birth order | |||
| First | 35 (23) | 43 (18) | 0.31 |
| Second | 37 (25) | 71 (29) | |
| Third of fourth | 46 (31) | 88 (36) | |
| Fifth or more | 31 (21) | 41 (17) | |
| Mother’s education | |||
| No high school | 59 (40) | 53 (22) | <0.001 |
| High school | 71 (49) | 81 (33) | |
| Over high school | 17 (11) | 109 (45) | |
| Mother’s smoking during pregnancy | |||
| No | 72 (48) | 148 (71) | 0.01 |
| Yes or unknowna | 77 (52) | 95 (39) | |
| Infant’s gender | |||
| Male (%) | 44 | 49 | 0.77 |
| Gestation (completed weeks) | |||
| 37 | 3 (2) | 3 (1) | |
| 38–41 | 130 (87) | 214 (88) | 0.84 |
| 42+ | 16 (11) | 26 (11) | |
| Birth weight (g) | |||
| <2499 | 3 (2) | 5 (2) | 0.002 |
| 2500–1999 | 43 (29) | 45 (19) | |
| 3000–3499 | 75 (50) | 109 (45) | |
| 3500–2999 | 27 (18) | 67 (28) | |
| 4000 + | 1 (1) | 17 (7) | |
| Birth weight centile adjusted for gestation and infant sex | |||
| 1–20th | 69 (46) | 67 (28) | 0.001 |
| 21–40th | 33 (22) | 57 (24) | |
| 4l–60th | 29 (19) | 49 (20) | |
| 61–80th | 12 (8) | 42 (17) | |
| 81–100th | 6 (4) | 28 (12) | |
| Birth length (cm) | |||
| ≤49 | 46 (31) | 34 (14) | 0.001 |
| 50 | 23 (15) | 27 (11) | |
| 51 | 34 (23) | 57 (24) | |
| 52 | 25 (17) | 40 (17) | |
| ≥53 | 20 (13) | 85 (35) | |
| Infant’s BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| 9.1–11.6 | 33 (22) | 46 (19) | 0.49 |
| 11.6–12.2 | 29 (19) | 47 (919) | |
| 12.2–12.8 | 25 (17) | 59 (24) | |
| 12.8–13.4 | 28 (19) | 39 (16) | |
| 13.4–15.9 | 33 (22) | 52 (21) |
EDAH, Early Determinants of Adult Health; NEFS, New England Family Study; CHDS, Child Health and Development Study.
a
Smoking status in pregnancy unknown in twelve subjects. Values are represented as number (%) for the categorical variables, mean (s.d.) for the continuous variable, mother’s height, and as the percentage of all subjects for the variable infant’s gender. Variable categories may not sum to 100% due to rounding.