Table 5. EDAH study – changes in selected body size measures at age ~ 43 years for changes in selected measures of birth size^a, by availability of sibling controls.

Measure of birth size	Height (cm)	Trunk length (cm)	Leg length (cm)	Weight (kg)	Adult BMI (kg/m2)	Waist	Body fat percentage	Trunk-to- extremity thickness ratio
All study subjects
Birth weight for gestation  (quintile)	1.25	0.65	0.57	0.71	−0.23	0.17	−0.53	0.20
	0.79 to 1.70	0.40 to 0.89	0.26 to 0.88	−0.94 to 2.36	−0.79 to 0.32	−1.04 to 1.39	−0.98 to −0.10	−0.15 to 0.56
	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.40	0.41	0.78	0.02	0.26
Birth length (cm)	0.72	0.38	0.34	0.29	−0.16	−0.14	−0.24	0.13
	0.46 to 0.98	0.24 to 0.52	0.16 to 0.52	−0.67 to 1.25	−0.48 to 0.16	−0.84 to 0.56	−0.50 to 0.01	−0.08 to 0.33
	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.56	0.33	0.70	0.06	0.23
Birth weight for gestation  (quintile)	0.78	0.41	0.35	0.64	−0.10	0.51	−0.45	0.12
	0.22 to 1.35	0.11 to 0.70	−0.04 to 0.74	−1.44 to 2.73	−0.81 to 0.60	−1.03 to 2.05	−1.00 to 0.10	−0.33 to 0.57
	0.007	0.008	0.08	0.55	0.77	0.52	0.11	0.61
Birth length (cm)	0.45	0.24	0.22	0.06	−0.12	−0.32	0.09	0.09
	0.12 to 0.78	0.06 to 0.41	−0.01 to 0.44	−1.15 to 1.27	−0.53 to 0.28	−1.20 to 0.57	−0.41 to 0.23	−0.17 to 0.35
	0.007	0.008	0.06	0.92	0.55	0.48	0.60	0.52
BMI (kg/m2)	0.48	0.22	0.24	0.02	−0.21	0.26	−0.45	−0.02
	−0.04 to 1.00	−0.06 to 0.49	−0.11 to 0.59	−1.83 to 1.87	−0.83 to 0.42	−1.10 to 1.61	−0.94 to 0.04	−0.41 to 0.38
	0.07	0.12	0.18	0.98	0.52	0.71	0.07	0.94
Sibling pairs only
Birth weight for gestation  (quintile)	1.08	0.57	0.51	2.21	0.30	1.14	−0.17	0.11
	0.52 to 1.65	0.27 to 0.86	0.12 to 0.90	0.05 to 4.36	−0.43 to 1.03	−0.44 to 2.72	−0.71 to 0.36	−0.33 to 0.55
	0.000	0.000	0.01	0.05	0.42	0.16	0.14	0.63
Birth length (cm)	0.55	0.33	0.23	0.73	0.05	0.24	−0.14	0.09
	0.23 to 0.87	0.17 to 0.50	0.004 to 0.45	−0.48 to 1.95	−0.36 to 0.46	−0.64 to 1.12	−0.44 to 0.16	−0.16 to 0.33
	0.001	0.000	0.05	0.24	0.81	0.60	0.36	0.50
Birth weight for gestation  (quintile)	0.78	0.31	0.43	2.40	0.44	1.56	−0.02	0.02
	0.04 to 1.52	−0.08 to 0.70	−0.08 to 0.94	−0.49 to 5.30	−0.55 to 1.42	−0.58 to 3.69	−0.73 to 0.70	−0.58 to 0.62
	0.04	0.12	0.10	0.10	0.39	0.15	0.97	0.95
Birth length (cm)	0.27	0.22	0.07	−0.16	−0.11	−0.34	−0.13	0.08
	−0.15 to 0.69	0.01 to 0.44	−0.22 to 0.36	−1.79 to 1.46	−0.66 to 0.44	−1.52 to 0.85	−0.73 to 0.70	−0.25 to 0.41
	0.21	0.05	0.63	0.84	0.69	0.58	0.51	0.64
BMI (kg/m2)	0.49	0.16	0.29	1.35	0.22	1.03	−0.17	−0.20
	−0.17 to 1.15	−0.19 to 0.51	−0.15 to 0.74	−1.17 to 3.86	−0.63 to 1.07	−0.81 to 2.87	−0.79 to 0.45	−0.71 to 0.31
	0.15	0.37	0.20	0.29	0.62	0.27	0.58	0.44

EDAH, Early Determinants of Adult Health; BMI, body mass index.

^aBirth size adjusted for study site and gender. β-Coefficients with 95% CI and P-values from multilevel linear regression models with random intercept adjustment for clustering within families. Sibling pairs subset includes 123 participants with one sibling.