Table 3.
Descriptive statistics (mean ± SD) of the classic CoP and stabilogram diffusion analysis parameters.
| Classic CoP parameters | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range (mm) | RMS (mm) | Area (mm2) | |||
| ML | AP | ML | AP | ||
| Balcony | |||||
| EO | 34.9 ± 30.1 | 51.9 ± 26.4 | 3.7 ± 1.6 | 5.3 ± 2.4 | 205.3 ± 138.5 |
| EOHF | 35.0 ± 23.7 | 43.4 ± 33.3 | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 3.9 ± 1.5 | 150.6 ± 94.5 |
| EOHE | 31.7 ± 15.1 | 53.9 ± 22.5 | 4.5 ± 2.0 | 7.2 ± 3.1 | 403.4 ± 317.8 |
| EC | 29.2 ± 13.3 | 55.8 ± 20.4 | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 6.5 ± 2.8 | 307.1 ± 220.4 |
| EODT | 35.9 ± 15.7 | 66.2 ± 31.5 | 5.0 ± 2.4 | 6.4 ± 5.2 | 391.8 ± 268.2 |
| ECDT | 38.8 ± 25.8 | 66.6 ± 28.3 | 6.1 ± 4.9 | 8.0 ± 1.8 | 340.7 ± 212.5 |
| Laboratory | |||||
| EO | 21.1 ± 6.8 | 38.7 ± 18.9 | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 2.5 | 201.8 ± 159.0 |
| EOHF | 20.3 ± 10.4 | 39.2 ± 18.8 | 3.3 ± 2.0 | 5.4 ± 3.1 | 225.0 ± 236.2 |
| EOHE | 21.1 ± 8.2 | 36.6 ± 18.1 | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 4.9 ± 2.3 | 215.6 ± 208.4 |
| EC | 22.1 ± 7.6 | 43.9 ± 18.0 | 3.4 ± 1.7 | 6.3 ± 3.6 | 311.6 ± 295.0 |
| EODT | 31.4 ± 23.0 | 39.1 ± 17.1 | 4.5 ± 2.6 | 6.0 ± 3.6 | 390.1 ± 497.9 |
| ECDT | 35.1 ± 22.5 | 44.0 ± 20.1 | 6.0 ± 4.3 | 7.5 ± 4.3 | 374.8 ± 277.7 |
| Stabilogram diffusion analysis parameters | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ds (mm2s−1) | Dl (mm2s−1) | H s | ||||
| ML | AP | ML | AP | ML | AP | |
| Balcony | ||||||
| EO | 29.8 ± 26.8 | 29.3 ± 19.6 | 1.1 ± 1.2 | 0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.83 ± 0.15 | 0.88 ± 0.08 |
| EOHF | 8.4 ± 9.7 | 11.6 ± 13.3 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 0.86 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.05 |
| EOHE | 18.7 ± 16.1 | 28.0 ± 19.7 | 1.2 ± 2.3 | 2.0 ± 1.5 | 0.88 ± 0.12 | 0.84 ± 0.15 |
| EC | 15.2 ± 12.8 | 26.3 ± 16.5 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 0.89 ± 0.08 | 0.86 ± 0.08 |
| EODT | 9.8 ± 7.4 | 25.4 ± 27.3 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 2.4 | 0.84 ± 0.12 | 0.85 ± 0.15 |
| ECDT | 18.2 ± 16.6 | 25.1 ± 14.5 | 1.6 ± 1.9 | 1.6 ± 1.9 | 0.85 ± 0.09 | 0.90 ± 0.04 |
| Laboratory | ||||||
| EO | 4.9 ± 3.0 | 6.6 ± 2.8 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 2.0 ± 1.9 | 0.85 ± 0.10 | 0.86 ± 0.12 |
| EOHF | 6.5 ± 6.2 | 11.8 ± 9.7 | 1.1 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 2.6 | 0.89 ± 0.06 | 0.84 ± 0.15 |
| EOHE | 7.5 ± 6.4 | 11.2 ± 9.5 | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 1.9 | 0.86 ± 0.10 | 0.89 ± 0.08 |
| EC | 15.0 ± 14.2 | 16.6 ± 11.5 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 1.6 | 0.88 ± 0.08 | 0.87 ± 0.05 |
| EODT | 8.9 ± 6.7 | 21.6 ± 46.6 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 2.5 ± 3.9 | 0.89 ± 0.05 | 0.86 ± 0.11 |
| ECDT | 20.2 ± 18.1 | 24.7 ± 20.0 | 1.6 ± 1.9 | 2.3 ± 2.4 | 0.90 ± 0.05 | 0.87 ± 0.09 |
| H l | ∆tc (s) | <∆r2>c (mm2) | ||||
| ML | AP | ML | AP | ML | AP | |
| Balcony | ||||||
| EO | 0.14 ± 0.07 | 0.16 ± 0.14 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 14.4 ± 11.3 | 44.7 ± 54.1 |
| EOHF | 0.20 ± 0.12 | 0.19 ± 0.14 | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 14.1 ± 14.1 | 25.7 ± 32.6 |
| EOHE | 0.16 ± 0.11 | 0.15 ± 0.14 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 29.9 ± 27.1 | 85.5 ± 74.0 |
| EC | 0.15 ± 0.16 | 0.14 ± 0.10 | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 25.0 ± 15.0 | 74.9 ± 53.5 |
| EODT | 0.12 ± 0.09 | 0.12 ± 0.07 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 42.0 ± 48.3 | 64.0 ± 32.0 |
| ECDT | 0.14 ± 0.10 | 0.13 ± 0.08 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 113.5 ± 214.9 | 143.8 ± 230.7 |
| Laboratory | ||||||
| EO | 0.16 ± 0.11 | 0.20 ± 0.12 | 1.9 ± 1.0 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 21.9 ± 19.9 | 40.3 ± 55.7 |
| EOHF | 0.21 ± 0.10 | 0.19 ± 0.11 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 15.5 ± 15.5 | 42.8 ± 57.8 |
| EOHE | 0.21 ± 0.12 | 0.23 ± 0.14 | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 17.8 ± 14.1 | 47.0 ± 50.8 |
| EC | 0.14 ± 0.12 | 0.18 ± 0.12 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 1.2 | 28.4 ± 33.8 | 96.8 ± 183.7 |
| EODT | 0.15 ± 0.09 | 0.17 ± 0.12 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 41.6 ± 51.9 | 55.2 ± 54.7 |
| ECDT | 0.17 ± 0.09 | 0.14 ± 0.10 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 61.7 ± 61.8 | 144.5 ± 196.4 |
AP, anterior–posterior, ML, medial–lateral; RMS, root mean square; Ds, short‐term diffusion coefficient; Dl, long‐term diffusion coefficient; Hs, short‐term scaling exponent; Hl, long‐term scaling exponent; ∆tc, critical time; <∆r2>c, critical displacement; EO, eyes open and normal head tilt; EOHF, eyes open and head flexion; EOHE, eyes open and head extension; EC, eyes closed; EODT, eyes open while performing a cognitive dual task; ECDT, eyes closed while performing a cognitive dual task.