Table 1.
Agent | Dose | Loss of equilibrium | Slowing of opercular movement | Lack of response to tail-fin pinch | Recovery time |
MS-222 | 150 mg/L | 111 ± 92 | 513 ± 99 | 252 ± 89 | 140 ± 51 |
Lidocaine hydrochloride | |||||
300 mg/L | 196 ± 95 | 323 ± 234 | not applicable | 206 ± 148 | |
325 mg/L | 365 ± 137a | 90 ± 190a | 51 ± 162a | 346 ± 310a | |
350 mg/L | 34 ± 20a | 78 ± 30a | 101 ± 18a | 116 ± 104 | |
Metomidate hydrochloride | |||||
2 mg/L | 80 ± 136 | 100 ± 211a | not applicable | 169 ± 14 | |
4 mg/L | 159 ± 53 | 186 ± 242a | not applicable | 313 ± 207a | |
6 mg/L | 113 ± 45 | 260 ± 55a | not applicable | 625 ± 247a | |
8 mg/L | 40 ± 18a | 166 ± 47a | not applicable | 337 ± 150a | |
10 mg/L | 37 ± 19a | 136 ± 25a | not applicable | 548 ± 253a | |
Isoflurane | 0.5 mL/L | not applicable | 395 ± 136 | not applicable | 253 ± 166 |
Gradual cooling | — | 313 ± 133a | 313 ± 133a | 313 ± 133 | 0 ± 0* |
An entry of ‘not applicable’ indicates that the reflex was not lost.
Value significantly (P < 0.05) different from that for MS222 after pairwise analysis with the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test and Bonferroni correction.