Table 2.
Genetic associations of HLA alleles with severe ADRs.
| Drug | HLA allele | ADR | Ethnic population | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abacavir | B∗5701 | HSS | Caucasian | [51, 52] |
|
| ||||
| Allopurinol | B∗5801 | SJS/TEN/HSS | Han Chinese, Thai, Japanese, | [53–56] |
| European | ||||
|
| ||||
| Aminopenicillins | A∗2, DRw52 | DHS | Italian | [57] |
|
| ||||
| Amoxicillin-clavulanate | A∗0201 | DILI | Caucasian | [58] |
| DQB1∗0602 | ||||
|
| ||||
| Carbamazepine | B∗1502 | SJS/TEN | Han Chinese, Thai, Indian | [59–62] |
| B∗1511 | Japanese | [63] | ||
| B∗5901 | Japanese | [64] | ||
| A∗3101 | HSS | Han Chinese, Japanese, | [65–67] | |
| European | ||||
|
| ||||
| Dapsone | B∗1301 | HSS | Han Chinese | [68] |
|
| ||||
| Flucloxacillin | B∗5701 | DILI | Caucasian | [69] |
|
| ||||
| Lamotrigine | B∗1502, B∗38 | SJS/TEN | Han Chinese | [55, 70, 71] |
| B∗5801, A∗6801, | European | |||
| Cw∗0718, | ||||
| DQB1∗0609, | ||||
| DRB1∗1301 | ||||
|
| ||||
| Lumiracoxib | DRB1∗1501 | DILI | Multiple populations | [72] |
| DQB1∗0602 | ||||
| DRB5∗0101 | ||||
| DQA1∗0102 | ||||
|
| ||||
| Methazolamide | B∗5901, CW∗0102 | SJS/TEN | Korean, Japanese | [73] |
|
| ||||
| Nevirapine | B∗3505 | DHS | Thai | [74] |
| DRB1∗0101 | DHS | Australian | [75] | |
|
| ||||
| Oxicam | B∗73, A∗2, B∗12 | SJS/TEN | European | [55, 71] |
|
| ||||
| Oxcarbazepine | B∗1502 | SJS/TEN | Han Chinese | [70] |
|
| ||||
| Phenytoin | B∗1502 | SJS/TEN | Han Chinese, Thai | [59, 70] |
|
| ||||
| Sulfamethoxazole | B∗38 | SJS/TEN | European | [55] |
HLA: human leukocyte antigen; HSS: hypersensitivity syndrome; SJS/TEN: Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis; DHS: delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction; DILI: drug-induced liver injury.