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. 2014 Mar 26;9(3):e93141. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093141

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

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(A) In response to mammalian environmental conditions, expression of rpoS is induced. Several factors, including BosR, CsrA, Hfq, DsrA and BadR, play roles in regulating rpoS. When RpoS protein is available to bind RNAP, it directs the expression of ospC, bba66, bba72 and other RpoS-dependent genes. RpoS represses transcription of bbd18, ospA, glpD, bba62, bbj41 and other arthropod-induced genes, possibly through an RpoS-dependent factor[51]. (B) In response to arthropod environmental conditions, bbd18 is expressed and BBD18 production destabilizes RpoS and represses RpoS-dependent transcription, allowing induction of genes required in the arthropod vector.