Figure 3. Culture of peritoneal macrophages ex vivo in medium supplemented with high concentrations of glucose or lipoproteins results in an enhanced migratory response to MCP-1 in which iPLA₂β participates.

Mouse peritoneal macrophages were incubated (24 hr) in medium supplemented with 5 mM D-glucose (Control) or 30 mM D- glucose (HG) without or with 100 μg/mL LDL (LDL). The HG + LDL condition is designated “MS” for “metabolic stress.” Macrophage migratory responses to MCP-1 were then assayed in a Boyden chamber in the absence or presence of BEL and/or iPLA₂β antisense (AS) or sense (S) oligonucleotides. A, Culture with HG and/or LDL increases macrophage migration, and this is suppressed by BEL or AS. An asterisk (*) denotes a p value < 0.01 vs. the Control condition. A hashtag symbol (#) denotes no statistically significant difference between the indicated condition and the HG+LDL+S condition. B, Adnenoviral vector driven overexpression of iPLA₂β (AdiPLA₂) restores an enhanced migratory response to MCP-1 to BEL-treated macrophages. An asterisk (*) denotes either a p value < 0.01 for the indicated condition compared to the other BEL-treated groups or a lack of a statistically significant difference compared to the MS condition. C, MCP-1 induced migration of peritoneal macrophages isolated from wild type (WT) or iPLA₂β-knockout (KO) mice after incubation in NG or MS medium. An asterisk (*) denotes a p value < 0.01 compared to WT, and a hashtag symbol (#) denotes a p value < 0.01 vs. WT+MS (n = 3).