Table 3.
Validity, reliability, and measurement error of 4 different questionnaires evaluating patients with hindfoot or ankle disorders. Correlation analyses compared SEFAS and the other questionnaires. The time it took to complete the questionnaires is presented for the different questionnaires. Data are presented as mean with 95% confidence interval (CI), as standard deviation (SD), or as percentage (%). Agreement is presented as Smethod with CV% witihin brackets
| Questionnnaires | Time(s) | Validity |
Floor and ceiling effects (%) | Test mean (SD) | Reliability |
Cronbach's α | Agreement | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spearman Rho (CI) | Pearson (CI) | Retest mean (SD) | ICC (CI) | Smethod | |||||
| No. | 19 | 106 | 106 | 106 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 106 | 52 |
| SEFAS | 158 | – | – | 0 | 19 (9) | 20 (9) | 0.93 (0.88–0.96) | 0.86 | 2.4 (13%) |
| FAOS | 394 | ||||||||
| Pain | 0.82 (0.75–0.87) | 0.83 (0.76–0.88) | 2 | 51 (25) | 49 (25) | 0.92 (0.87–0.96) | 0.93 | 7.0 (14%) | |
| Symptoms | 0.65 (0.52–0.75) | 0.70 (0.58–0.78) | 1 | 51 (25) | 50 (26) | 0.92 (0.87–0.95) | 0.80 | 7.1 (14%) | |
| ADL | 0.68 (0.56–0.77) | 0.71 (0.59–0.79) | 4 | 59 (23) | 57 (23) | 0.92 (0.86–0.95) | 0.97 | 6.8 (12%) | |
| Sport/Recreation | 0.62 (0.49–0.73) | 0.62 (0.48–0.72) | 34 | 18 (20) | 20 (24) | 0.67 (0.72–0.90) | 0.85 | 12.7 (67%) | |
| Quality of life | 0.67 (0.55–0.76) | 0.67 (0.54–0.76) | 15 | 22 (15) | 25 (17) | 0.83 (0.72–0.90) | 0.74 | 6.6 (28%) | |
| EQ-5D | 95 a | 0.59 (0.45–0.70) | 0.53 (0.37–0.66) | 7 | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.62 (0.41–0.76) | 0.53 | 0.2( 35%) |
| Visual analog scale (VAS) | 0.51 (0.35–0.64) | 0.52 (0.36–0.65) | 3 | 63 (20) | 62 (21) | 0.91 (0.85–0.95) | – | 6.1 (10%) | |
| SF-36 | |||||||||
| Physical functioning (PF) | 388 | 0.65 (0.52–0.75) | 0.64 (0.51–0.74) | 4 | 41 (24) | 40 (23) | 0.89 (0.82–0.94) | 0.90 | 7.8 (19%) |
| Role limitations, physical (RP) | 0.36 (0.18–0.52) | 0.42 (0.25–0.57) | 70 | 24 (36) | 18 (31) | 0.52 (0.28–0.69) | 0.86 | 13.8 (61%) | |
| Bodily pain (BP) | 0.71 (0.60–0.79) | 0.73 (0.63–0.81) | 6 | 42 (24) | 41 (27) | 0.88 (0.81–0.93) | 0.78 | 8.5 (20%) | |
| General health (GH) | 0.37 (0.19–0.53) | 0.35 (0.17–0.51) | 4 | 64 (24) | 64 (22) | 0.89 (0.81–0.93) | 0.81 | 7.7 (12%) | |
| Vitality (VT) | 0.51 (0.35–0.64) | 0.52 (0.37–0.65) | 3 | 51 (25) | 46 (26) | 0.88 (0.79–0.93) | 0.83 | 9.6 (20%) | |
| Social functioning (SF) | 0.50 (0.34–0.63) | 0.51 (0.35–0.64) | 32 | 69 (28) | 68 (26) | 0.88 (0.80–0.93) | 0.86 | 9.3 (14%) | |
| Role limitation, emotional (RE) | 0.37 (0.19–0.53) | 0.37 (0.19–0.53) | 71 | 59 (44) | 58 (45) | 0.79 (0.65–0.88) | 0.86 | 18.1 (31%) | |
| Mental health (MH) | 0.43 (0.26–0.58) | 0.40 (0.23–0.55) | 5 | 71 (20) | 72 (20) | 0.89 (0.81–0.94) | 0.85 | 6.6 (9%) | |
a The time for completing EQ-5D questionnaire together with EQ VAS.