Table 1.
Histopathological evaluation of rectoanal portion of rats.
| Lesions | Normal control | Positive control | PO (200 mg/animal, ir) | PG (200 mg/kg, PO) |
PG (400 mg/kg, PO) |
PG + PO (200 mg/kg, PO + 200 mg/animal, ir) |
PG + PO (400 mg/kg, PO + 200 mg/animal, ir) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 3.25 ± 0.3 | 3.00 ± 0.3 | 3.00 ± 0.0 | 2.75 ± 0.5 | 3.00 ± 0.00 | 1.00 ± 0.57** |
| Congestion/hemorrhage | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 3.00 ± 0.0 | 2.00 ± 0.9 | 3.00 ± 0.0 | 3.00 ± 0.0 | 2.50 ± 0.95 | 0.75 ± 0.47* |
| Dilatation of blood vessels | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 3.00 ± 0.0 | 1.50 ± 0.9 | 2.75 ± 0.6 | 2.33 ± 0.7 | 2.75 ± 0.62 | 0.75 ± 0.47* |
| Necrosis/loss of superficial epithelium | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 4.00 ± 0.0 | 2.50 ± 0.9 | 4.00 ± 0.0 | 3.00 ± 0.0 | 3.50 ± 0.25 | 1.75 ± 0.48* |
Severity score: NAD: 0 (no abnormality detected); minimal: 1 (very small amount of changes ≤10 %); mild: 2 (lesion is easily identified but limited severity 11–25%); moderate: 3 (lesion is predominant 26–75%); severe: 4 (the degree of changes is 76–100% or great enough in intensity or extent to expect significant tissue or organ dysfunction).
Values are expressed as mean ± SE.*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, versus positive control.
PG: Pilex granules; PO: Pilex ointment.