. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 27.

Published in final edited form as: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2012 Jul 6;5(4):728–738. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.111.966259

Table 6.

Multivariate-adjusted cross-sectional differences in heart rate and heart rate variability per each one standard deviation higher intake of total trans-fatty acids among younger adults in Porto.

	Total trans-fatty acids intake
	Multivariate-adjusted difference (95%CI) in each HRV index for each 1 SD (1.5 g/d) higher consumption of total trans-fatty acids^*	p
Resting Heart rate, bpm (N=160)^†	+1.1 (−0.7, 2.3)	0.07

Time-domain HRV (N=160)
SDNN, ms	− 4% (−8, −1)	0.04
rMSSD, ms	−7%(−13, −1)	0.04
Frequency-domain HRV (N=160)
HF, ms²	−11% (−22, 2)	0.08

Because most HRV indices were log-transformed prior to analysis, values represent the percent difference in each HRV index according to each one unit (one SD) of higher total TFA consumption.

^†

Resting HR was normally distributed and not log-transformed prior to analysis. Thus, these values represent the absolute difference in resting HR according to each one unit (one SD) of higher total TFA consumption. Analysis adjusted for age: (years), gender, current smoking (yes/no) moderate to vigorous physical activity (min/day), alcohol use (yes/no), BMI (kg/m²), and consumption of total n-3 PUFA (mg/day), dietary fiber (g/day) and total energy (kcal/d).

R-squared values are the following: 0.36 (resting HR); 0.14 (SDNN); 0.15 (rMSSD); 0.13 (HF)