Table 2.
Sensitivity analyses for body mass index and cause-specific mortality: Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals
| Analytic Approach | BMI category | Stroke | CHD | Non-Vascular * | All Cause | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | CI | HR | CI | HR | CI | HR | CI | ||
| Age Adjusted Analysis | |||||||||
| # events | 110 | 226 | 1348 | 1836 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.62 | 0.85, 3.07 | 1.02 | 0.57, 1.80 | 1.36 | 1.13, 1.64 | 1.3 | 1.10, 1.53 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.64 | 1.01, 2.63 | 2.15 | 1.56, 2.96 | 1.29 | 1.11, 1.49 | 1.49 | 1.32, 1.68 | |
| Obese | 2.08 | 1.04, 4.20 | 4.02 | 2.70, 6.00 | 1.72 | 1.39, 2.14 | 2.16 | 1.83, 2.57 | |
| Demographically Adjusted Analysis † | |||||||||
| # events | 94 | 177 | 1082 | 1465 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.49 | 0.74, 3.02 | 1.08 | 0.58, 2.02 | 1.34 | 1.09, 1.65 | 1.27 | 1.05, 1.53 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.29 | 0.76, 2.21 | 1.84 | 1.28, 2.67 | 1.22 | 1.03, 1.44 | 1.35 | 1.17, 1.55 | |
| Obese | 1.43 | 0.64, 3.18 | 2.47 | 1.50, 4.06 | 1.54 | 1.20, 1.96 | 1.7 | 1.39, 2.07 | |
| Fully Adjusted Analysis ‡ | |||||||||
| # events | 60 | 130 | 789 | 1053 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.38 | 0.53, 3.59 | 1.09 | 0.52, 2.28 | 1.53 | 1.22, 1.94 | 1.43 | 1.15, 1.77 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.59 | 0.82, 3.08 | 1.39 | 0.89, 2.18 | 1.17 | 0.96, 1.43 | 1.27 | 1.08, 1.50 | |
| Obese | 1.56 | 0.57, 4.26 | 1.56 | 0.83, 2.92 | 1.31 | 0.96, 1.79 | 1.43 | 1.11, 1.83 | |
| Missing BMI filled with first trimester BMI § | |||||||||
| # events | 98 | 197 | 1174 | 1588 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.47 | 0.73, 2.96 | 1.08 | 0.60, 1.97 | 1.31 | 1.07, 1.60 | 1.25 | 1.05, 1.51 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.22 | 0.72, 2.06 | 1.77 | 1.25, 2.50 | 1.18 | 1.01, 1.39 | 1.33 | 1.16, 1.51 | |
| Obese | 1.44 | 0.68, 3.07 | 2.33 | 1.46, 3.72 | 1.58 | 1.26, 1.98 | 1.72 | 1.43, 2.07 | |
| Missing BMI multiply imputed ∥ | |||||||||
| # events | 151 | 312 | 1835 | 2499 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.32 | 0.66, 2.64 | 1.08 | 0.59, 1.99 | 1.24 | 1.01, 1.52 | 1.18 | 0.98, 1.41 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.23 | 0.75, 2.01 | 1.74 | 1.23, 2.45 | 1.17 | 1.00, 1.37 | 1.31 | 1.16, 1.49 | |
| Obese | 0.9 | 0.50, 1.62 | 1.67 | 1.17, 2.39 | 1.24 | 1.06, 1.45 | 1.28 | 1.12, 1.46 | |
| Average study BMI # | |||||||||
| # events | 100 | 198 | 1175 | 1593 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.61 | 0.83, 3.15 | 1.01 | 0.54, 1.87 | 1.25 | 1.02, 1.54 | 1.2 | 0.99, 1.44 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.06 | 0.61, 1.83 | 1.85 | 1.31, 2.63 | 1.21 | 1.03, 1.43 | 1.33 | 1.16, 1.52 | |
| Obese | 1.42 | 0.66, 3.005 | 2.5 | 1.56, 4.01 | 1.51 | 1.19, 1.93 | 1.65 | 1.36, 2.01 | |
| Excluding deaths in the first 5 years of follow up | |||||||||
| # events | 94 | 176 | 1064 | 1446 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.49 | 0.74, 3.02 | 1.09 | 0.58, 2.04 | 1.36 | 1.11, 1.68 | 1.29 | 1.07, 1.55 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.29 | 0.75, 2.21 | 1.86 | 1.29, 2.69 | 1.24 | 1.04, 1.47 | 1.37 | 1.19, 1.57 | |
| Obese | 1.43 | 0.64, 3.17 | 2.5 | 1.52, 4.11 | 1.5 | 1.17, 1.93 | 1.68 | 1.37, 2.06 | |
| Excluding deaths in the first 10 years of follow up | |||||||||
| # events | 93 | 174 | 1030 | 1405 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.49 | 0.74, 3.02 | 1.11 | 0.59, 2.08 | 1.36 | 1.10, 1.68 | 1.29 | 1.07, 1.56 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.22 | 0.71, 2.11 | 1.93 | 1.34, 2.80 | 1.23 | 1.04, 1.47 | 1.37 | 1.19, 1.58 | |
| Obese | 1.46 | 0.65, 3.24 | 2.61 | 1.59, 4.30 | 1.54 | 1.19, 1.98 | 1.73 | 1.41, 2.12 | |
| Excluding women < 18 years of age | |||||||||
| # events | 94 | 176 | 1069 | 1451 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.48 | 0.73, 3.01 | 1.09 | 0.59, 2.04 | 1.36 | 1.10, 1.67 | 1.28 | 1.06, 1.55 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.29 | 0.76, 2.21 | 1.87 | 1.29, 2.69 | 1.22 | 1.03, 1.44 | 1.35 | 1.18, 1.56 | |
| Obese | 1.42 | 0.64, 3.17 | 2.5 | 1.52, 4.11 | 1.56 | 1.22, 1.99 | 1.72 | 1.41, 2.10 | |
| Never Smokers | |||||||||
| # events | 44 | 63 | 389 | 534 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.32 | 0.39, 4.40 | 1.04 | 0.32, 3.40 | 1.16 | 0.79, 1.70 | 1.07 | 0.76, 1.52 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.44 | 0.68, 3.05 | 2.23 | 1.24, 4.03 | 1.37 | 1.05, 1.79 | 1.54 | 1.24, 1.91 | |
| Obese | 1.86 | 0.69, 4.97 | 2.87 | 1.33, 6.16 | 1.84 | 1.28, 2.65 | 1.98 | 1.47, 2.67 | |
| Current Smokers | |||||||||
| # events | 34 | 97 | 518 | 701 | |||||
| Underweight | 1.6 | 0.55, 4.67 | 0.92 | 0.42, 2.02 | 1.33 | 1.01, 1.74 | 1.27 | 1.00, 1.62 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.34 | 0.52, 3.43 | 1.73 | 1.04, 2.88 | 1.15 | 0.89, 1.49 | 1.3 | 1.05, 1.61 | |
| Obese | 0.76 | 0.10, 5.72 | 1.96 | 0.88, 4.35 | 1.32 | 0.87, 2.00 | 1.57 | 1.13, 2.19 | |
| Previous Smokers | |||||||||
| # events | 16 | 17 | 171 | 226 | |||||
| Underweight | 3.6 | 0.75, 17.38 | 2.04 | 0.25, 16.55 | 1.27 | 0.66, 2.43 | 1.33 | 0.75, 2.36 | |
| Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Overweight | 1.25 | 0.31, 4.96 | 1.5 | 0.38, 5.92 | 1.22 | 0.80, 1.87 | 1.23 | 0.86, 1.76 | |
| Obese | 1.07 | 0.13, 9.00 | 6.05 | 1.65, 22.13 | 1.91 | 1.08, 3.36 | 1.91 | 1.18, 3.09 | |
Abbreviations: BMI (body mass index), CI (confidence interval), CHD (coronary heart disease), HR (hazard ratio)
Non-vascular causes of death include all causes of death that are not cardiovascular in nature.
Reported analysis is from the Demographically adjusted Survival model: mortality=age at enrollment +underweight+overweight+obese +education+annual family income+African American
This model is used for all analyses except where otherwise stated
Fully adjusted survival model: mortality= demographically adjusted model + smoking+age at first menstruation+parity+oral contraceptive use+hypertension+diabetes+kidney disease
Where self reported pre-pregnancy weight was unavailable, we used measured weight in the first trimester to calculate BMI
Multiple imputation model: pre-pregnancy BMI= first measured BMI +gestational weight in days of measured BMI+ measured height+ age at enrollment+ parity at enrollment+ education+ annual family income+ smoking status+ diagnosis of diabetes +oral contraceptive use before most recent pregnancy
Average study BMI includes pre-pregnancy BMI averaged across all pregnancies recorded in the CHDS