Table 1.
Study and patient characteristics of included studies
| Study | Location | No. of patients | Age cut-off, yr | Type of surgery | Outcomes of interest | Average age, yr or median (range) | Sex, % male | Average LOS, d or median (range) | Mortality, % | Morbidity, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arenal et al.20 | Valladolid, Spain | 710 | ≥ 70 | GI surgery | In-hospital mortality | 79.4 | 46.8 | NR | 21.5 | 58.3 |
| Cook et al.9 | Bristol, UK | 107 | ≥ 65 | GI surgery | In-hospital mortality | 80.2 | 50.4 | NR | 43.9 | NR |
| Fukuda et al.21 | Kawasaki, Japan | 94 | ≥ 80 | GI surgery | 30-day mortality | 85.6 | 38.3 | NR | 16.0 | 43.6 |
| Kwok et al.23 | Boston, USA | 1358 | ≥ 80 | Colorectal | 30-day mortality | 85.3 | 34.3 | NR | 28.9 | 26.9* |
| Leong et al.22 | Singapore | 58 | ≥ 80 | Colorectal | 30-day morbidity/mortality | 83 (80–96) | 41.4 | 17.5 (3–108) | 27.6 | 81.0 |
| McGillicuddy et al.24 | New Haven, USA | 292 | ≥ 65 | Colorectal | In-hospital morbidity/mortality | 78.1 | 41 | 20.9 | 15.0 | 34.6 |
| Modini et al.25 | Rome, Italy | 215 | > 65 | Colorectal | 30-day mortality | 78 | 47 | NR | 16.3 | 17.2 |
| Okubo et al.26 | Niigata, Japan | 36 | ≥ 80 | GI surgery | In-hospital mortality | 84 (80–97) | 44.4 | 38 (2–150) | 27.8 | 83.3 |
| Vaughan-Shaw et al.27 | Southampton, UK | 88 | ≥ 80 | GI surgery | 30-day mortality | 84 (80–95) | 51.1 | 15 (0–72) | 33.0 | NR |
COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRF = chronic renal failure; DM = diabetes mellitus; GI = gastrointestinal; IHD = ischemic heart disease; LOS = length of stay; NR = not reported.
*
Major morbidity reported.