Table 3.
Prevalence and mean inter-artery systolic blood pressure differences across follow-up, with adjustment for baseline status: overall and for selected subgroups.
| Subgroup | Intervention Assignment | Average Prevalence (SE) Across Follow-up Adjusted for Baseline ABI | Maximum Difference in Systolic Blood Pressure Among Arterial Sites Controlling for Baseline Difference: Mean (SE) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| ABI < 0.90 | ABI > 1.40 | Among Ankle Sites | Between Left and Right Arms | ||
|
| |||||
| Overall | DSE | 3.60 (0.26) | 7.52 (0.36) | 20.6 (0.2) | 6.1 (0.1) |
| ILI | 3.14 (0.24) | 7.59 (0.37) | 19.7 (0.2) | 5.8 (0.1) | |
| p-value | 0.20 | 0.90 | p<0.001 | 0.01 | |
|
| |||||
| Gender | |||||
| Females | DSE | 3.27 (0.32) | 3.85 (0.30) | 19.4 (0.2) | 6.4 (0.1) |
| ILI | 3.03 (0.28) | 4.12 (0.32) | 18.6 (0.2) | 5.9 (0.1) | |
| p-value | 0.57 | 0.54 | 0.008 | <0.001 | |
| Males | DSE | 4.14 (0.41) | 13.02 (0.74) | 22.5 (0.4) | 5.5 (0.1) |
| ILI | 3.25 (0.42) | 12.66 (0.75) | 21.4 (0.4) | 5.7 (0.1) | |
| p-value | 0.13 | 0.73 | 0.02 | 0.27 | |
| Interaction | p-value | 0.37 | 0.60 | 0.50 | <0.001 |
|
| |||||
| CVD History | |||||
| No | DSE | 2.55 (0.23) | 7.44 (0.37) | 20.1 (0.2) | 6.1 (0.1) |
| ILI | 2.38 (0.22) | 7.14 (0.38) | 19.2 (0.2) | 5.8 (0.1) | |
| 0.58 | 0.93 | <0.001 | 0.006 | ||
| Yes | DSE | 11.07 (1.12) | 9.69 (1.16) | 24.0 (0.7) | 6.1 (0.2) |
| ILI | 8.49 (0.11) | 10.32 (1.10) | 23.0 (0.6) | 6.1 (0.2) | |
| 0.10 | 0.69 | 0.29 | 0.87 | ||
| Interaction | p-value | 0.12 | 0.68 | 0.94 | 0.33 |
|
| |||||
| Baseline BMI | |||||
| 25–29 | DSE | 2.41 (0.05) | 4.75 (0.76) | 20.6 (0.5) | 5.5 (0.2) |
| ILI | 1.94 (0.04) | 4.80 (0.73) | 18.2 (0.5) | 5.3 (0.2) | |
| 0.33 | 0.97 | <0.001 | 0.36 | ||
| 30–39 | DSE | 3.47 (0.32) | 7.34 (0.44) | 20.6 (0.2) | 5.9 (0.1) |
| ILI | 3.38 (0.33) | 7.40 (0.46) | 19.9 (0.2) | 5.8 (0.1) | |
| 0.84 | 0.92 | 0.05 | 0.36 | ||
| ≥40 | DSE | 3.86 (0.57) | 9.86 (0.84) | 20.9 (0.4) | 7.0 (0.2) |
| ILI | 2.55 (0.40) | 10.06 (0.87) | 20.2 (0.4) | 6.3 (0.2) | |
| 0.06 | 0.87 | 0.26 | 0.006 | ||
| Interaction | p-value | 0.37 | 0.99 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
|
| |||||
| Age | |||||
| 45–59 | DSE | 2.28 (0.27) | 7.09 (0.46) | 19.4 (0.2) | 6.0 (0.1) |
| ILI | 1.81 (0.23) | 7.12 (0.46) | 18.4 (0.2) | 5.7 (0.1) | |
| 0.19 | 0.96 | 0.001 | 0.07 | ||
| 60–76 | DSE | 5.33 (0.47) | 8.08 (0.55) | 22.2 (0.3) | 6.2 (0.1) |
| ILI | 4.91 (0.47) | 8.23 (0.60) | 21.5 (0.3) | 6.0 (0.1) | |
| 0.53 | 0.86 | 0.15 | 0.08 | ||
| Interaction | p-value | 0.99 | 0.90 | 0.52 | 0.89 |
|
| |||||
| Smoking | |||||
| Never | DSE | 2.42 (0.30) | 7.36 (0.50) | 20.4 (0.3) | 6.2 (0.1) |
| ILI | 2.10 (0.27) | 7.05 (0.48) | 18.9 (0.3) | 5.7 (0.1) | |
| 0.42 | 0.66 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Former or Current | DSE | 4.83 (0.43) | 7.71 (0.51) | 20.8 (0.3) | 6.0 (0.1) |
| ILI | 4.18 (0.40) | 8.12 (0.55) | 20.5 (0.3) | 6.0 (0.1) | |
| 0.27 | 0.58 | 0.35 | 0.92 | ||
| Interaction | p-value | 0.61 | 0.48 | 0.04 | 0.007 |