Table 2.
Demographic and anthropometric data, and lifestyle and candidate gene factors among 234 NAFLD cases and 349 controls
| Controls | Cases | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics and lifestyle | |||
| Age | 62.06 ± 13.98 | 44.94 ± 14.11 | <0.001 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 220 (61 %) | 196 (67 %) | 0.15 |
| Female | 139 (39 %) | 98 (33 %) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.91 ± 5.91 | 28.89 ± 5.25 | 0.008 |
| Smoker | |||
| Never | 194 (54 %) | 165 (56 %) | 0.66 |
| Ever | 159 (44 %) | 126 (43 %) | |
| Alcohol consumption | |||
| Never drinkers | 170 (47 %) | 160 (54 %) | 0.07 |
| Males: <30 g/females: <20 g | 182 (51 %) | 129 (44 %) | |
| Fruit intake | |||
| 0–2 per day | 208 (58 %) | 120 (41 %) | <0.001 |
| >2 per day | 135 (38 %) | 161 (55 %) | |
| Grilled meat or fish intake | |||
| 0–1 per week | 142 (40 %) | 88 (30 %) | <0.001 |
| >1 per week | 165 (46 %) | 192 (65 %) | |
| Candidate genes | |||
| GSTM1 | |||
| Present | 172 (48 %) | 147 (50 %) | 0.54 |
| Null | 187 (52 %) | 145 (49 %) | |
| GSTT1 | |||
| Present | 276 (77 %) | 217 (74 %) | 0.45 |
| Null | 83 (23 %) | 75 (26 %) | |
| CYP1A1 | |||
| CYP1A1*1/*1 | 278 (77 %) | 231 (79 %) | 0.67 |
| CYP1A1*2A carriers | 81 (23 %) | 62 (21 %) | |
| CYP2E1PstI | |||
| CYP2E1*1A/1A | 331 (92 %) | 277 (94 %) | 0.17 |
| CYP2E1*5B carriers | 28 (8 %) | 15 (5 %) | |
| CYP2E1DraI | |||
| CYP2E1*1A/1A | 323 (90 %) | 271 (92 %) | 0.52 |
| CYP2E1*6 carriers | 29 (8 %) | 20 (7 %) | |
| SULT1A1 | |||
| SULT1A1*1/*1 | 224 (62 %) | 155 (53 %) | 0.02 |
| SULT1A1*2 carriers | 134 (37 %) | 136 (46 %) | |