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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Alzheimers Dis. 2013 Jan 1;34(2):417–429. doi: 10.3233/JAD-121894

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Down-regulation of OR genes in PBMC of TBI cases provide a sensitive and specific criterion for distinguishing TBI from control cases. mRNA contents for each of the 7 candidate OR biomarker genes in TBI and control cases were analyzed by microarray (A) or independent qPCR (B). Bar graphs represent mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 by student t-test, TBI versus control. The efficacy of using biomarker contents from PBMC as a criterion to correctly segregate TBI and control cases was tested by unsupervised clustering analysis using the UPGMA algorithm with cosine correlation as the similarity metric. C) The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of OR11H1, OR4M1, OR52N5, or panels of ORs to distinguish TBI from control cases. D) A heat map graphically depicting the efficacy of using the two biomarker panel to distinguish TBI cases and control cases by unsupervised clustering analysis.