FIG. 8.

(A) Conical shaped textile reinforced tubular construct; (B, C) ultrasound images of the tube-in-tube in closed and open position under a 10% increase of the silicone tube's diameter at the level of the commissures during systole; (D, E) ultrasound images of the valve before and after injection of air bubbles as contrast agent; (F) Doppler ultrasound of the closing valve showing copresence of flows with opposite direction. The red and blue arrows indicate flow towards and away from the leaflet; (G) textile reinforced aortic root featuring the sinuses of Valsalva.