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. 2014 Mar 20;55(3):1780–1786. doi: 10.1167/iovs.13-12375

Table 6.

Estimated Covariate Effects on Transition Intensities or Hazards Accounting for Misclassification


Incidence or Progression (95% CI)
Regression (95% CI)
Mortality (95% CI)
Level 1 to Level 2
Level 2 to Level 3
Level 3 to Level 4
Level 4 to Level 5
Level 2 to Level 1
Level 3 to Level 2
Level 4 to Level 3
Any AMD to Death
Baseline intensity,
 relative to mortality 0.88 1.54 4.73 2.49 0.44 0.10 0.20
(0.70–1.41) (1.07–2.21) (1.89–11.83) (0.80–7.70) (0.29–0.68) (0.01–1.70) (0.02–2.20)
Covariate HR
 Age, per 5 years 1.58 1.51 1.29 1.25 1.67
(1.50–1.67) (1.39–1.64) (1.14–1.46) (0.99–1.57) (1.62–1.71)
 Sex, male 0.90 0.63 0.85 1.25 1.55
(0.74–1.10) (0.47–0.85) (0.56–1.29) (0.99–1.57) (1.42–1.70)
CFH Y402H genotype
 TT 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 CT 1.46 1.61 1.72 1.58 0.94
(1.17–1.82) (1.18–2.20) (1.07–2.76) (0.63–3.99) (0.86–1.03)
 CC 2.27 2.75 1.62 1.39 1.00
(1.71–3.01) (1.81–4.18) (0.92–2.83) (0.45–4.32) (0.87–1.14)
AMD severity
 Level 1 1.00
 Level 2 1.13
(0.93–1.36)
 Level 3 0.68
(0.35–1.30)
 Level 4 1.60
(0.94–2.75)
 Level 5 1.23
(1.01–1.50)

Level 1, no AMD; level 2, minimally severe early AMD; level 3, moderately severe early AMD; level 4, severe early AMD; level 5, late AMD. Estimates are mutually adjusted for all other covariates listed in the table. Bold text indicates results that were significant at the 5% level.