TABLE 1—

Characteristics and Outcomes of Homeless Veterans Who Did and Did Not Receive Dental Care: Department of Veterans Affairs Housing Intervention Program Participants, 2008–2009

Variable	Did Not Receive Dental Care (n = 5388), Mean ±SD or No. (%)	Received Dental Care (n = 4482), Mean ±SD or No. (%)	t or χ2a	df	P	d or φb
Demographic characteristics
Age, y	49.35 ±10.37	50.82 ±9.50	7.46	9164	<.001	0.16
Male	4668 (96.3)	4255 (94.9)	10.20	1	<.001	0.03
Married	255 (5.3)	191 (4.3)	5.27	1	<.05	0.02
Caucasian	2407 (49.9)	2238 (50.0)	0.03	1	NS	0.00
Employment/housing
No. of d worked in past 30 d	2.76 ±6.66	2.38 ±6.06	2.87	9276	<.001	0.06
Unemployed for past 3 y	1113 (23.0)	1025 (22.9)	0.01	1	NS	0.00
No. of d living on street in past 30 d	3.43 ±8.23	3.31 ±8.13	0.69	9311	NS	0.01
Homeless for > 30 d	2139 (46.8)	2041 (48.4)	2.15	1	NS	0.02
Health, mental health, and substance use
Mean no. of medical problems	1.91 (1.9)	2.31 (1.89)	10.47	9868	<.001	0.21
Serious medical problem	2435 (50.7)	2502 (56.0)	26.51	1	<.001	0.05
Current psychiatric problem	2476 (51.4)	2502 (56.0)	19.87	1	<.001	0.05
Serious depression in past 30 d	2206 (45.7)	2179 (48.7)	8.32	1	<.01	0.03
No. of d of alcohol use in past 30 d among alcohol users	10.64 ±9.64	10.74 ±9.71	0.32	3236	NS	0.01
Current alcohol abuse	1426 (29.5)	1505 (33.7)	18.42	1	<.001	0.04
No. of d of drug use in past 30 d among drug users	9.95 ±9.46	10.34 ±9.58	0.87	1830	NS	0.01
Current drug abuse	1114 (23.1)	1242 (27.8)	27.05	1	<.001	0.05
Treatment outcomes
Completed program	2577 (47.8)	2817 (62.9)	222.80	1	<.001	0.15
Had residence on discharge	3740 (72.0)	3608 (82.8)	156.40	1	<.001	0.13
Had job or financial stability on discharge	3384 (63.1)	3223 (72.1)	88.33	1	<.001	0.10
No. of d in program	137.62 ±139.23	236.73 ±182.62	33.14	9108	<.001	0.68

Note. NS = nonsignificant.

^at test for mean ±SD and χ² for no. (%).

^bd for mean ±SD and φ for no. (%).