Table 1.
Gene | Gene function | Study typeb | Cohort size | Cohort affection status | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ACVR2B | Receptor for NODAL | GSEA of GWAS data | 728 | Individuals with dyslexia | [37] |
GLI3 | Ciliogenesis | GSEA of GWAS data | 728 | Individuals with dyslexia | [37] |
GPC3 | Heart/lung asymmetry | Strongest association in GWAS | 2666 | General population | [37] |
LRRTM1a | Neuronal development | Candidate gene | 222 | Dyslexic siblings | [32] |
MNS1 | Ciliogenesis | GSEA of GWAS data | 728 | Individuals with dyslexia | [37] |
PCSK6 | Cleaves NODAL into an active form | GW significant GWAS association | 728 | Individuals with dyslexia | [37,38] |
Candidate gene | 1113 | General population | [49] | ||
PKD2 | Detects nodal flow | GSEA of GWAS data | 728 | Individuals with dyslexia | [37] |
RFX3 | Ciliogenesis | GSEA of GWAS data | 728 | Individuals with dyslexia | [37] |
LRRTM1 is also associated with schizophrenia [32,33].
Abbreviations: GWAS, genome-wide association study; GW, genome wide; GSEA, gene set enrichment analysis.