Fig. 11.

Syllable:Phoneme AM (n:m = 3:1) phase distributions for groups and sentences. The x- and y-axes show phase values for the Syllable AM (0 to 2π radians) and Phoneme AM (−π to π radians) respectively. The pixel colour indicates the frequency of occurrence (%) for each Phoneme AM phase value (y-axis), with respect to the concurrent Syllable AM phase value (x-axis), computed over all time-points, and averaged across participants. Blue colour indicates low percentage of occurrence and red colour indicates high percentage of occurrence. The majority of observations lie close to the diagonal black line, which indicates an (nθ₁ – mθ₂) difference of 1π radians. For both axes, phase values have been binned into 24 bins so that each bin (pixel) has a width of 0.08π radians. The 4 columns show the 4 different nursery rhyme sentences. Controls are shown in top row, dyslexics in bottom row. Dyslexics' Syllable:Phoneme phase distribution is consistently shifted upwards relative to controls by ∼1 bin. This is especially noticeable for iambic sentences (examples highlighted in boxes).