Table 1. Characteristics of studies comparing LLIF/XLIF/DLIF with PLIF/TLIF for lumbar degenerative disease.
| Investigator (y) Study design CoE |
Population | Condition | LLIF/XLIF/DLIF | PLIF/TLIF | Follow-up (% followed) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deluzio et al (2010) Retrospective cohort (using historical cohort from same institution) CoE: III |
• N = 211 • Age (mean): 55.5 y • Male: 65% |
• Degenerative spine conditions (details NR) • Symptom duration: NR |
• XLIF from L1–L2 to L4–L5 and MIS TLIF/transsacral fusion at L5-S1 • Type of graft: NR • n = 109 • Number of levels: 2 • 2006–2009 |
• Open PLIF (historical cohort) • Type of graft: NR • n = 102 • Number of levels: 2 • Prior to 2006 |
Follow-up period NR (% NR) |
| Rodgers et al (2010) Retrospective cohort (using historical cohort from same institution) CoE: III |
• N = 60 • Age (mean): 83.4 y • Male: 42% |
• Degenerative spine conditions (stenosis, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, postlaminectomy • Symptom duration: NR |
• XLIF with unilateral or bilateral pedicle screws, percutaneous (n = 39) • Type of graft: composite of demineralized bone matrix, cancellous allograft, local bone source, and bone marrow aspirate • n = 40 • 1-level (n = 25), 2-level (n = 7), 3-level (n = 8): mean 1.6 levels from L1-L5 (62.5% including L4–L5) |
• Open PLIF (historical cohort) with unilateral or bilateral pedicle screws, open exposure • Type of graft: composite of demineralized bone matrix, cancellous allograft, local bone source, and bone marrow aspirate • n = 20 • 1-level (n = 4), 2-level (n = 7), 3-level (n = 7), 5-level (n = 1), 7-level (n = 1): mean 2.6 levels from T10-S1 (80.0% including L4–L5) |
≥ 3 mo (% NR) |
| Knight et al (2009) Retrospective cohort (using historical cohort from senior author's practice) CoE: III |
• N = 98 • Age (mean): 61 y • Male: % NR |
• Degenerative spine conditions (details NR) • Symptom duration: NR |
• XLIF or DLIF • Type of graft: NR • n = 58 • 1-level (n = 38), 2-level (n = 19), 3-level (n = 1): from T12-L5 • 2004–2006 |
• Open PLIF (historical cohort) • Type of graft: NR • N = 40 • Number of levels: NR, excluded L5-S1 • 1992–1998 |
XLIF or DLIF: 15 mo (3–34 mo) (% NR) PLIF: follow-up period NR (% NR) |
Abbreviations: CoE, class of evidence; DLIF, direct lateral interbody fusion; f/u, follow-up; LLIF, lumbar lateral interbody fusion; MIS, minimally invasive surgical techniques; NR, not reported; PLIF, posterior lateral interbody fusion; TLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; XLIF, extreme lateral interbody fusion.