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Effect of inhaled tiotropium on MCh-induced Penh change. Conscious guinea pigs were exposed to an aerosol of vehicle (0.5% ethanol in saline) or tiotropium (3, 10, or 30 μg/mL) for 10 minutes. Fifty minutes later, the guinea pigs were placed in the chambers used for cough experiments and challenged with an aerosol of saline or MCh (0.1 μmol/L). Penh (a noninvasive surrogate measurement of bronchospasm) was assessed by using Buxco software. Data are shown as means and SEMs (n = 3).
