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. 2014 Mar;133(3):679–687.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.003

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© 2014 The Authors

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Fig 4 — Effect of tiotropium on capsaicin- and acrolein-induced [Ca²⁺]_i in primary airway guinea pig ganglion cells. Airway-specific neurons were chosen by using the Dil stain as a marker; an example is shown in (A). Neurons were challenged with K₅₀ for a reference response and then exposed to 2 challenges of either capsaicin (Caps, 0.1 μmol/L) or acrolein (Acro, 10 μmol/L). The cells were then exposed to 0.1 nmol/L tiotropium for 20 minutes, after which the cells were rechallenged with the respective challenge agent. After a wash step, the cells were challenged with the tussive agent. B and C, Example traces were obtained: open triangles indicate K₅₀ challenge, and solid triangles show where the challenge agent was added.