Table 2.
Final model parameters from multistage, stepwise regression analyses assessing the relation between dietary omega 3 and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), n =2,125
| Femoral neck BMDa β±SE | p value | |
|---|---|---|
| Model R2 | 32.6 % | |
| Age | −0.0012±0.0003 | <0.001* |
| Gender | −0.0399±0.0038 | <0.001* |
| Ethnicity | <0.001* | |
| Mexican (ref) | – | |
| Hispanic and other | −0.0060±0.0077 | |
| White | −0.0099±0.0044 | |
| Black | 0.0385±0.0053 | |
| Income | 0.005* | |
| Level 1 (ref) | – | |
| Level 2 | 0.0152±0.0053 | |
| Level 3 | 0.0086±0.0053 | |
| Level 4 | 0.0153±0.0068 | |
| Level 5 | 0.0259±0.0063 | |
| BMI | 0.0059±0.0003 | <0.001* |
| HRT | 0.0511±0.0093 | <0.001* |
| Physical activity | 0.047* | |
| None (ref) | – | |
| Moderate | 0.0036±0.0037 | |
| Vigorous | 0.0138±0.0053 | |
| Alcohol consumption | 0.007* | |
| <1 drink/month or unknown (ref) | – | |
| ≥1 drink/month and <1 drink/week | 0.0134±0.0036 | |
| ≥1 drink/week and <1 drink/day | 0.0126±0.0057 | |
| ≥1 drink per day | 0.0099±0.0058 | |
| Dietary magnesiuma | 0.0048±0.0025 | 0.064 |
| Marine-derived dietary omega 3a | 0.0397±0.0195 | 0.0505 |
HRT hormone replacement therapy use, BMI body mass index
*
p ≤0.05
a
Femoral neck BMD log transformed; dietary magnesium cube root transformed, marine derived dietary omega 3 presented as the log of reported intakes plus 1 to correct for distribution skewness