Table 2.

Pain assessment and treatment results of the paired samples T-test

Decision	Cue	Low-Pain Expression		High Pain Expression		T	Cohen’s d
		M	SD	M	SD
Pain Assessment	Female African American Young	28.71	19.12	57.97	21.56	−22.21***	−1.44
	Female African American Old	37.76	21.80	50.87	24.80	−9.29***	−.56
	Female Caucasian Young	22.81	18.09	52.15	22.74	−23.53***	−1.43
	Female Caucasian Old	34.81	21.66	53.64	22.73	−14.52***	−.85
	Male African American Young	27.82	18.25	53.37	24.36	−16.74***	−1.19
	Male African American Old	35.07	20.61	51.75	22.17	−12.78***	−.78
	Male Caucasian Young	22.78	17.31	45.02	22.25	−18.05***	−1.12
	Male Caucasian Old	33.63	21.59	49.91	21.50	−13.21***	−.76
Pain Treatment
	Female African American Young	26.40	24.76	51.68	29.53	−16.85***	−.93
	Female African American Old	32.19	26.92	44.59	30.39	−7.72***	−.43
	Female Caucasian Young	21.18	23.76	44.97	30.24	−15.02***	−.87
	Female Caucasian Old	30.54	26.16	46.09	29.08	−11.33***	−.56
	Male African American Young	24.82	24.42	46.76	29.42	−14.47***	−.81
	Male African American Old	30.42	25.37	44.91	29.22	−10.65***	−.53
	Male Caucasian Young	20.86	22.83	39.72	28.99	−13.98***	−.72
	Male Caucasian Old	29.53	26.06	43.28	27.82	−10.13***	−.51