Figure 8.

Activated macrophages and granulocytes are increased in diabetic (T2DM) guinea pigs on day 30 of M tuberculosis infection. Total CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ TCR⁺ T cells and MHCII low- or high-expressing macrophages were quantified by flow cytometry and normalized to per gram of tissue in lung, lymph node (LN), and spleen and then expressed as percentage activated based on proportions of CD45^high CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ lymphocytes and MHCII^high macrophages. A–C: The proportion of activated CD4 T cells decreased in nondiabetic (non-DM) and glucose-intolerant guinea pigs on day 60 of infection but was equally elevated on day 90 of infection in all organs in non-DM and glucose-intolerant guinea pigs. D–F: There were no differences in CD8 T-cell activation at any time point among non-DM, glucose-intolerant, and T2DM guinea pigs. G–I: Higher proportions of activated macrophages were present in T2DM guinea pigs in lung and LN on day 30 of infection. J–L: Granulocytes as a proportion of total leukocytes counted per gram of tissue were increased in the lung of T2DM guinea pigs. Data are given as means ± SD. ^∗P ≤ 0.05 compared with non-DM levels.