Table 2.
Immune Cell Phenotypes in Absolute Number as Measured by Flow Cytometry in Lung, Lymph Node, and Spleen at 30, 60, and 90 Days of Infection
| Cell phenotype | Model | Lung |
Lymph node |
Spleen |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 days | 60 days | 90 days | 30 days | 60 days | 90 days | 30 days | 60 days | 90 days | ||
| CD4 TCR | Non-DM | 3.09 ± 0.58 | 8.13 ± 1.04 | 5.31 ± 1.12 | 16.32 ± 1.53∗∗ | 52.10 ± 9.48 | 21.71 ± 7.07 | 6.86 ± 0.84 | 29.73 ± 8.56 | 10.09 ± 1.74 |
| IGT | 3.24 ± 0.33 | 9.92 ± 1.65 | 8.05 ± 0.83 | 5.75 ± 1.33†† | 46.30 ± 8.92 | 19.86 ± 5.22 | 7.65 ± 1.43 | 28.20 ± 5.01 | 13.59 ± 5.25 | |
| T2DM | 2.00 ± 0.22 | 24.59 ± 4.55 | 6.30 ± 0.67 | |||||||
| CD4 TCR CD45high | Non-DM | 2.20 ± 0.41 | 0.88 ± 0.26 | 4.03 ± 0.94 | 11.38 ± 0.87∗ | 17.96 ± 3.85 | 13.61 ± 3.81 | 3.08 ± 0.44 | 1.85 ± 0.72 | 6.10 ± 1.23 |
| IGT | 2.24 ± 0.22 | 1.08 ± 0.19 | 5.79 ± 0.70 | 3.96 ± 1.18†† | 15.50 ± 4.26 | 13.69 ± 4.21 | 4.07 ± 0.99 | 2.12 ± 0.81 | 8.06 ± 3.31 | |
| T2DM | 1.47 ± 0.16 | 15.31 ± 3.14 | 3.42 ± 0.65 | |||||||
| CD8 TCR | Non-DM | 2.42 ± 0.58 | 2.35 ± 0.22 | 3.06 ± 0.92 | 11.91 ± 1.94∗ | 12.29 ± 3.11 | 8.49 ± 1.95 | 6.95 ± 0.85 | 16.90 ± 4.63 | 18.84 ± 5.03 |
| IGT | 2.53 ± 0.42 | 3.91 ± 0.66 | 5.34 ± 0.74 | 3.92 ± 0.73††† | 16.29 ± 4.00 | 13.60 ± 4.48 | 7.00 ± 1.41 | 17.49 ± 5.53 | 17.78 ± 7.01 | |
| T2DM | 1.78 ± 0.16 | 21.38 ± 3.97 | 5.76 ± 1.68 | |||||||
| CD8 TCR CD45high | Non-DM | 1.07 ± 0.27 | 0.60 ± 0.09∗ | 0.91 ± 0.23 | 6.81 ± 1.18 | 25.06 ± 13.60 | 6.36 ± 1.98 | 0.81 ± 0.09 | 2.66 ± 0.93 | 2.62 ± 1.24 |
| IGT | 1.15 ± 0.24 | 1.11 ± 0.18 | 2.12 ± 0.38 | 2.45 ± 0.42††† | 10.53 ± 2.37 | 11.20 ± 3.92 | 0.96 ± 0.19 | 2.60 ± 1.04 | 2.63 ± 0.84 | |
| T2DM | 0.60 ± 0.06 | 14.01 ± 2.64 | 0.73 ± 0.34 | |||||||
| MHCIIlow MAC | Non-DM | 51.00 ± 5.32 | 47.08 ± 7.02 | 84.16 ± 13.95 | 145.9 ± 16.14 | 157.5 ± 24.26 | 150.1 ± 46.24 | 58.92 ± 7.71 | 106.3 ± 23.43 | 115.9 ± 23.42 |
| IGT | 45.86 ± 3.28 | 49.64 ± 8.02 | 154.20 ± 14.36 | 100.1 ± 10.94† | 113.9 ± 17.38 | 199.8 ± 17.44 | 68.00 ± 7.18 | 109.6 ± 21.43 | 185.7 ± 57.52 | |
| T2DM | 35.96 ± 3.87 | 167.1 ± 12.11 | 93.03 ± 15.16 | |||||||
| MHCIIHigh MAC | Non-DM | 4.62 ± 1.63† | 8.36 ± 1.88 | 9.73 ± 2.79 | 47.87 ± 18.57 | 89.46 ± 32.07 | 26.70 ± 6.62 | 6.42 ± 1.99 | 20.50 ± 5.38 | 15.12 ± 2.35 |
| IGT | 5.32 ± 0.59 | 9.07 ± 1.40 | 19.14 ± 6.24 | 22.42 ± 6.47† | 56.28 ± 4.97 | 86.68 ± 8.30 | 5.28 ± 1.34† | 17.43 ± 3.30 | 22.50 ± 5.05 | |
| T2DM | 8.44 ± 1.44 | 103.6 ± 31.98 | 19.18 ± 6.75 | |||||||
| MIL4 Gran | Non-DM | 11.39 ± 1.20 | 8.08 ± 1.55 | 14.91 ± 2.99∗ | 133.0 ± 25.87 | 92.22 ± 31.12∗∗ | 34.54 ± 10.69 | 3.49 ± 0.47 | 6.24 ± 1.78 | 5.47 ± 0.70 |
| IGT | 12.83 ± 1.26 | 8.70 ± 2.05 | 25.68 ± 4.58 | 92.42 ± 17.41† | 35.22 ± 15.65 | 35.22 ± 15.65 | 3.71 ± 0.79 | 5.94 ± 1.31 | 8.45 ± 3.02 | |
| T2DM | 15.86 ± 2.71 | 178.3 ± 33.21 | 5.98 ± 1.41 | |||||||
| B cell | Non-DM | 41.20 ± 5.20 | 42.94 ± 6.99 | 74.74 ± 11.33∗∗ | 91.46 ± 13.54 | 163.3 ± 39.14 | 123.1 ± 37.71 | 28.10 ± 2.56 | 85.10 ± 19.44 | 94.06 ± 12.57 |
| IGT | 41.92 ± 2.54 | 47.38 ± 7.30 | 138.4 ± 14.74 | 55.70 ± 8.90† | 101.6 ± 7.24 | 188.0 ± 25.59 | 40.70 ± 9.42 | 89.16 ± 20.30 | 149.5 ± 48.68 | |
| T2DM | 27.96 ± 2.29 | 106.3 ± 14.21 | 60.40 ± 9.78 | |||||||
Results are expressed as means ± SD at ×105 cells and normalized to per gram of tissue. Blank cells corresponding to T2DM guinea pigs on days 60 and 90 of infection were not determined.
Gran, granulocyte; MAC, macrophage; non-DM, nondiabetic; T2DM, diabetic.
∗
P ≤ 0.05, ∗∗P ≤ 0.01, ∗∗∗P ≤ 0.001 compared with IGT.
†
P ≤ 0.05, ††P ≤ 0.01, and †††P ≤ 0.001 compared with T2DM.