Table 1.

TLR-related studies in the field of T1D.

TLR/adaptor protein	TLR/adaptor protein		Effect on the course of T1D			Reference
	deficiency/blockade	sufficiency	attenuating/protective	promoting/boosting	dispensable
TLR2		+	+			Filippi et al. (7)
TLR2	+	+		+		Kim et al. (8)
TLR2	+				+	Wen et al. (9)
TLR2	+		+			Devaraj et al. (10)
TLR2		+	+			Karumuthil-Melethil et al. (11)
TLR2	+			+		Al Shamsi et al. (12)
TLR2	+		+			Kim et al. (13)
TLR2, 3, 4, 7		+	+			Aumeunier et al. (14)
TLR3	+				+	Fallarino et al. (15)
TLR3	+				+	Wong et al. (16)
TLR4	+			+		Gülden et al. (17)
TLR4	+				+	Wen et al. (9)
TLR4	+		+			Devaraj et al. (18)
TLR4		+		+		Li et al. (19)
TLR7		+		+		Lee et al. (20)
TLR9	+		+			Zhang et al. (21)
TLR9	+		+			Tai et al. (22)
TLR9	+			+		Fallarino et al. (15)
TLR9		+		+		Zipris et al. (23)
TLR9	+		+			Wong et al. (16)
MyD88	+		+			Wen et al. (9)

The table displays only studies that addressed a TLR directly. The studies that used TLR ligands but did not directly demonstrate the role of a specific TLR are not listed. ‘+’ denotes the composition (TLR or adaptor protein investigated; usage of wild type or knockout mice) and outcome of the study.