Table 1.
Clinical parameters of the 4 study groups.
| Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 43 | 34 | 48 | 16 |
| Age (years) | 36.47 ± 13.69 | 61.93 ± 10.66† | 74.75 ± 9.11†,§ | 28.01 ± 6.03 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 101.9 ± 11.3 | 102.9 ± 11.9 | 104.2 ± 12.5 | 102.3 ± 10.6 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.08 ± 0.22 | 1.08 ± 0.32 | 1.07 ± 0.62 | 1.13 ± 0.14 |
| Hemoglobulin (g/dL) | 13.21 ± 0.84 | 13.11 ± 1.16 | 13.36 ± 1.29 | 13.06 ± 0.52 |
| BMD of lumbar (g/cm2) | 1.19 ± 0.11 | 0.95 ± 0.13† | 0.72 ± 0.12†,§ | 1.08 ± 0.07‡ |
| BMD of total hip (g/cm2) | 0.98 ± 0.10 | 0.81 ± 0.09† | 0.66 ± 0.13†,§ | 0.83 ± 0.07 |
| BMD of neck (g/cm2) | 0.94 ± 0.23 | 0.76 ± 0.09† | 0.62 ± 0.11†,§ | 0.82 ± 0.09 |
| Estrogen (pg/mL) | 81.17 ± 86.12 | 43.46 ± 41.79‡ | 38.65 ± 14.09‡ | 78.84 ± 31.17 |
| T-score of lumbar spine | 0.48 ± 0.87 | -1.38 ± 0.99† | -3.30 ± 0.78†,§ | -0.47 ± 0.68‡ |
| Z-score of lumbar spine | 0.70 ± 1.01 | -0.41 ± 1.15† | -1.36 ± 0.89†,§ | -1.75 ± 0.65‡ |
| T-score of hip | 0.30 ± 0.84 | -1.13 ± 0.69† | -2.09 ± 1.04†,§ | -1.06 ± 0.55† |
| Z-score of hip | 0.53 ± 0.73 | 0.07 ± 0.78 | -0.08 ± 0.84‡ | -0.78 ± 0.63† |
| BAP (μg/L) | 1.38 ± 1.28 | 2.12 ± 1.39† | 1.93 ± 1.39‡ | 0.92 ± 0.52 |
| CTX (ng/mL) | 0.16 ± 0.11 | 0.31 ± 0.36† | 0.35 ± 0.34† | 0.12 ± 0.06 |
Group 1 = healthy control; Group 2 = menopausal women with osteopenia (low bone mass); Group 3 = menopausal women with osteoporosis; Group 4 = young women with low bone mass.
† Significant difference when compared with Group 1, P < 0.0001.
‡ Significant difference when compared with Group 1, P < 0.005.
§ Significant difference when compared with Group 2, P < 0.005.