. 2014 Mar 21;6(3):1395–1409. doi: 10.3390/v6031395

Table 1.

Gene therapy clinical trials targeting the major steps in HIV entry.

Steps in entry targeted	Transgene/Payload	Target cell	% gene marked cells at study conclusion	Ref.
CD4 binding	CD4-zeta chimeric T cell receptor	Autologous CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells	0.1% of PBMCs at 1 year	[41]
CD4 binding	CD4-zeta chimeric T cell receptor	Syngeneic CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells	0.1%–1% of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells at 1 year	[42]
CD4 binding	CD4-zeta chimeric T cell receptor	Autologous CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells	0.1%–10% of PBMCs at 24 weeks	[43]
CCR5 binding	shRNA targeting tat/rev, TAR decoy, CCR5 ribozyme	Autologous CD34⁺ hematopoietic stem cells	0.01% of whole blood at 18 months	[44]
CCR5 binding	CCR5-specific Zinc Finger Nuclease	Autologous CD4⁺ T cells	Completed	[45]
CCR5 binding	CCR5-specific Zinc Finger Nuclease (dose escalation)	Autologous CD4⁺ T cells	Ongoing	[46]
CCR5 binding	CCR5-specific Zinc Finger Nuclease (dose escalation, with cyclophosphamide)	Autologous CD4⁺ T cells	Ongoing	[47]
CCR5 binding	CCR5-specific Zinc Finger Nuclease	Autologous hematopoietic stem cells	Ongoing	[48]
HIV fusion	HIV fusion inhibitory peptide maC46	Autologous CD4⁺ T cells	Less than 0.01% of leukocytes after day 7	[49]