Fig. 2.

For more accurate diagnosis, the rhinological patient must be able to follow a precise diagnostic work-up, where family history must not be excluded, in addition to careful and thorough clinical history, and at least four levels of analysis should be provided: "macroscopic" investigation (by anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopy); "microscopic" investigation (by nasal cytology); allergy investigation (by skin prick tests) and "functional" investigation (by basic active anterior rhinomanometry and after decongestion).