Table 2.

WISDM subscale raw scores by smoker type.

Profile parameters	DS n = 218		ITS n = 252		DS vs. ITS	CITS n = 152		NITS n = 80		CITS vs. NITS	CITS vs. DS
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p	p
Elevation (mean)	4.27	1.04	2.64	.91	<.0001	2.80	.96	2.44	.78	.0029	<.0001
Scatter (SD)	1.27	.38	1.23	.41	ns	1.24	.37	1.20	.45	ns	ns
Scale scores (raw)†
Primary Dependence Motives
Tolerance	4.73	1.39	1.81	1.22	<.0001	2.07	1.36	1.45	.82	.0001	<.0001
Craving	5.02	1.39	2.69	1.31	<.0001	2.87	1.38	2.51	1.24	.0422	<.0001
Automaticity	4.39	1.55	2.23	1.37	<.0001	2.40	1.49	1.96	1.08	.0096	<.0001
Loss of Control	4.13	1.58	1.99	1.18	<.0001	2.27	1.26	1.69	.96	.0003	<.0001
Secondary Dependence Motives
Behavioral Choice	3.71	1.43	1.89	1.00	<.0001	2.04	1.07	1.77	.88	.0485	<.0001
Affiliative Attachment	3.21	1.76	1.59	1.01	<.0001	1.72	1.11	1.46	.84	.0620	<.0001
Cognitive Enhancement	3.54	1.67	1.99	1.24	<.0001	2.12	1.25	1.80	1.20	.0501	<.0001
Negative Reinforcement	4.42	1.42	2.98	1.37	<.0001	3.09	1.39	2.83	1.32	.1540	<.0001
Positive Reinforcement	4.23	1.39	2.88	1.28	<.0001	2.91	1.30	2.91	1.31	.9933	<.0001
Taste-Sensory Properties	4.82	1.28	3.69	1.45	<.0001	3.85	1.37	3.51	1.49	.0711	<.0001
Weight Control	2.79	1.75	1.89	1.36	<.0001	2.03	1.44	1.69	1.29	.0712	<.0001
Cue Exposure	4.84	1.27	3.85	1.38	<.0001	4.00	1.35	3.71	1.39	.1092	<.0001
Social Goads	4.61	1.92	3.73	1.86	<.0001	3.91	1.82	3.41	1.84	.0442	<.0001

^†Scales shown in order of the magnitude of differences between DS and ITS.