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. 2014 Mar 21;46(1):1–12. doi: 10.3947/ic.2014.46.1.1

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Inflammatory response to sepsis. Immune response to sepsis is both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory. An initial hyper-inflammatory phase is followed by a hypo-inflammatory (immunosuppressive) phase. Immunosuppression in sepsis contributes to increased mortality in elderly patients. Ideally, good biomarkers can reflect the hyper- (A) or hypo-inflammatory (B) status and the direction of inflammatory response (A or C).