Table 2.

Differential levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) –α and Interleukin -6 (IL-6) upon DC treatment with biomaterial films. TNF-α or IL-6 released from each treatment group for each donor was normalized to total DNA amount and then, ratios to the iDCs are shown with mean±SD, n=6 donors (6 independent experiments with different donors).

Controls & treatments	TNF-α (ratio to iDCs)	TNF-alpha (pg/ml)	IL-6 (ratio to iDCs)	IL-6 (pg/ml)
		Range		Range
iDCs	1	7.6 – 192.7	1	15.4 – 61.9
mDCs	76.9±62.9 *	240.0 – 11726.7	106.7±55.4 *	2123.7 – 5740.2
PLGA	5.6±3.5 */**	40.7 – 771.7	6.9±3.4 *	42.0 – 415.0
Chitosan	80.0±80.1 *	126.1 – 6829.0	11.6±7.8 *	42.0 – 628.4
Alginate	14.9±11.5 */**	117.8 – 2341.0	6.2±4.7 *	26.9 – 360.0
HA	0.2±0.2 */**	4.0 – 14.8	0.1±0.0 *	1.5 – 0.3
Agarose	1.6±1.5 **	21.2 – 37.0	1.6±0.9	12.6 – 75.0

^*p ≤ 0.05, statistically different from iDCs (=1);

^**p ≤ 0.05, statistically different from Chitosan (between two biomaterial treatments).

The concentrations (pg/ml) indicate the original concentrations measured from the cell culture supernatants without normalizations per control or treatment with the cytokine concentration range defined by the lowest and highest values observed from two different donors out of six donors per group.