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. 2014 Mar 25;2:e326. doi: 10.7717/peerj.326

Figure 5. Effects of NZ honeys on established S. aureus biofilms and cell viability within the biofilms.

Figure 5

Established S. aureus NCTC 8325, ATCC 25923, MW2 and USA300 biofilms were treated with NZ honeys – manuka, Medihoney, manuka/kanuka, clover, and a sugar solution. The remaining biofilm masses were quantified using crystal violet staining (left y-axis) and cell viability within these remaining biofilms were assessed using the BacTitre Glo Viability Kit (right y-axis). Error bars represent ± standard deviation (SD) of three biological samples performed in triplicate Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was assessed by One-Way ANOVA with Tukey test after confirming normality of the data set for each treatment using the D’Agnostino-Pearson normality test.